
PLANT NAMES FROM WRIGHT'S ENGLISH
This
a compilation of plant names published in the following work:
Wright, Joseph, 1898-1905. The English dialect dictionary.
The first part includes all
plants, native, cultivated or introduced in the
A second part lists the names
of plant life and plant parts.
In the appendices can be
found the cognates of a certain number of plant names, assembled under a common
root.
The English and the
scientific names are from the following books:
Blamey,
Marjorie & Christopher Grey-Wilson, 1989. The illustrated
flora of Britain and northern Europe. Hodder &
Stoughton,
Rose,
Francis, 1989. Colour identification guide to the grasses, sedges, rushes and
ferns of the
Names not found in Wright's
dictionary are from the preceding two books, or from
Grieve.
Very often the
names have been applied to similar species which are not differentiated by
non-botanists. Since there are some 30 species of roses and over 50 species of
dandelions, the names for "dandelion" are assembled under the Common
Dandelion Taraxacum officinale, and those for "wild rose" are
assembled under the the Dog Rose Rosa canina.
Due to the
diffulty of identification and imprecise descriptions by witnesses, a certain
number of names have been erroneously applied. Such errors are most evident
when the species named does not have the character implied by the name. When
applied to a species other than the original, the name loses its semantic
value. *ex....
Uncertain
attributions are followed by a question mark (?).
Many names have
been attributed to the Greater Stitchwort Stellaria holostea, an
inconspicuous plant without any medicinal use, while the Common Chickweed
Stellaria media a very common and widespread garden pest seems to have
been forgotten. In the same way, the Heath Rush Juncus squarrosus is
often cited, but the Sharp-flowered Rush Juncus articulatus, the
commonest species is hardly mentioned.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Grieve, M. 1976 (Edited and introduced by C.F. Leyel). A
modern herbal. Penguin Books (first published 1936).
Blamey, Marjorie & Christopher Grey-Wilson, 1989. The illustrated flora of
Klein, Ernest, 1971. A comprehensive
etymological dictionary of the English language. Elsevier,
Mabberley, D.J., C.E. Jarvis,
and B.E. Juniper, 2001. The name of the apple. Telopea 9 (2): 421-430. (Nomenclature of
the orchard apple).
Rose, Francis, 1989. Colour
identification guide to the grasses, rushes and ferns of the
Pearsall, Judy & Bill
Trumble,
2001. The
Stubbs, F.B., 1986. Provisional keys to
British plant galls. British Plant Gall Society.
Wright, Joseph, 1898-1905. The English
dialect dictionary.
ABBREVIATIONS
App. appendix
AS: Anglo-Saxon
dial. dialectal
I.
n.Irel.
N.Irel. (political)
prob. probably
reg.: regional, in preference
to dialectal
sp. species unidentified
spp. several species of the
genus
subsp. subspecies
transl. translation
var., in scientific names:
variety
(-)
no locality attested, prob.
(?)
= doubtful attribution
SYNONYMS OF SCIENTIFIC NAMES
Following scientific research, botanical
nomenclature has changed considerably in the last century. The following is a list
of 272 names used at the time of Wright, now considered as synonyms:
Achillea arvensis = Achillea
millefolium
Adiantum nigrum =
Adiantum capillus-veneris
Adonis autumnalis = Adonis annua
Agropyron repens = Elitrygia repens
Agrostis alba = Agrostis gigantea
Agrostis filiformis = Agrostis capillaris
Agrostis setacea = Agrostis curtisii
Agrostis vulgaris = Agrostis capillaris
Aira cespitosa = Deschampsia cespitosa
Alchemilla arvensis = Aphanes arvensis
Alliaria officinalis = Alliaria petiolata
Allium porrum = Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum
Allosurus crispus = Cryptogramma crispa
Alopecurus agrestis = Alopecurus myosuroides
Aloysia citriodora = Aloysia triphylla
Alyssum maritimum = Lobularia maritima
Ampelopsis hederacea = Parthenocissus quinquefolia
Anacharis alsinastrum = Elodea canadensis
Anchusa sempervirens = Pentaglottis sempervirens
Anemone hepatica =
Hepatica nobilis
Anemone pulsatilla
= Pulsatilla vulgaris
Antennaria
margaritacea = Anaphalis margaritacea
Anthemis nobilis =
Chamaemelum nobile
Anthriscus
podagraria = Aegopodium podagraria
Anthyllis vulgaris
= Anthyllis vulneraria subsp. vulgaris
Apargia autumnalis
= Leontodon autumnalis
Arabis albida =
Arabis caucasica
Arabis deltoide =
Aubretia deltoides
Araucaria imbricata
= Araucaria araucana
Arenaria maritima =
Spergularia media
Armeria vulgaris =
Armeria maritima
Arrhenaterum
avenaceus = Arrhenatherum elatius
Artemisia argentea
= Artemisia absinthium
Arundo phragmites =
Phragmites australis
Asafoetida narthex
= Ferula narthex
Asperula odorata =
Galium odoratum
Aspidium aculeatum
= Polystichum aculeatum
Aspidium oreopteris
= Oreopteris limbosperma
Asplenium
adiantum-nigrum = Adiantum capillus-veneris
Asplenium ceterach
= Ceterach officinarum
Asplenium
scolopendrium = Phyllitis scolopendrium
Atriplex hastata =
Atriplex prostrata
Auricula ursi =
Primula auricula
Avena elatior =
Arrhenatherum elatior
Avena nuda = Avena
sativa
Avena orientalis = Avena sativa
Barbarea praecox = Barbarea verna
Bartsia odontites = Odontites verna
Bartsia viscosa = Parentucellia viscosa
Berula angustifolia = Berula erecta
Betula alba = Betula pendula
Blechnum boreale = Blechnum spicant
Borago orientalis = Trachystemon orientalis
Brassica campestris (turnip) = Brassica rapa subsp. campestris
Brassica campestris (rutabaga) = Brassica napus subsp. rapifera var.
napobrassica
Brassica fimbriata = Brassica oleracea var. acephala
Brassica sylvestris = Brassica oleracea
Bromus mollis = Bromus hordaceus
Bunium flexuosum = Bunium bulbocastanum
Caesalpinia bonducella = Caesalpinia bonduc
Calamagrostis variegata = Phalaris arundinacea var. variegata
Calamantha acinos = Acinos arvensis
Calamintha
officinalis = Calamintha nepeta
Calla aethiopica =
Zantedeschia aethiopica
Campanula hybrida =
Legousia hybrida
Carduus acaulis =
Carlina acaulis
Carduus arvensis =
Cirsium arvense
Carduus benedictus
= Cnicus benedictus
Carduus eriophorus
= Cirsium eriophorum
Carduus lanceolatus
= Cirsium vulgare
Carduus palustris = Cirsium palustre
Carduus heterophyllus = Carduus acanthoides
Carduus lanceolatus = Cirsium vulgare
Carduus marianus = Sylibum marianum
Carduus palustris = Cirsium palustre
Carex glauca = Carex flacca
Castanea vesca = Castanea sativa
Centaurium perfoliatum = Blackstonia perfoliata
Centaurium umbellatum = Centaurium erythraea
Cerastium vulgatum = Cerastium fontanum
Cerasus laurocerasus = Prunus laurocerasus
Cerastium triviale = Cerastium fontanum
Chaerophyllum sylvestre = Anthriscus sylvestris
Cheiranthus cheiri = Erysimum cheiri
Chlora perfoliata = Blackstonia perfoliata
Chrysanthemum leucanthemum = Leucanthemum vulgare
Chrysanthemum sinense = Dendrathema hybrids
Chrysanthemum
vulgare = Tanacetum vulgare
Cochlearia
armoracia = Armoracia rusticana
Comarum palustre =
Potentilla palustris
Conopodium
denudatum = Conopodium majus
Convolvulus sepium
= Calystegia sepium
Convolvulus
soldanella = Calystegia soldanella
Corchorus japonicus
= Kerria japonica
Cotyledon umbilicus
= Umbilicus rupestris
Crataegus
pyracantha = Pyrancantha coccinea
Cratageus
oxyacantha = Crataegus laevigata
Crocus albiflorus = Crocus vernus
Cuscuta trifolii = Cuscuta epithymum
Cyclamen europaeum = Cyclamen purpurascens
Cytisus laburnum = Laburnum anagyroides
Delphinium consolida = Consolida regalis
Dianthus caesius = Dianthus gratianopolitanus
Dielytra spectabilis = Dicentra spectabilis
Dipsacus sylvestris = Dipsacus fullonum
Draba verna = Erophila verna
Equisetum limosum = Equisetum fluviatile
Erica hibernica = Daboecia cantabrica
Ervum hirsutum = Vicia
hirsuta
Erysimum alliaria =
Alliaria petiolata
Erythraea
centaurium = Centaurium erythraea
Euphrasia
officinalis = Euphrasia rostkoviana
Festuca sylvatica =
Brachypodium sylvaticum
Filago germanica = Filago vulgaris
Francoa ramosa = Francoa sonchifolia
Fucus digitatus = Laminaria digitata
Fucus esculentus = Alaria esculenta
Galeopsis versicolor = Galeopsis speciosa
Galium cruciata = Cruciata laevipes
Genista tinctoria = Isatis tinctoria
Geranium striatum = Geranium versicolor
Glaucium luteum = Glaucium flavum
Glyceria aquatica = Glyceria maxima
Gnaphalium dioicum = Antennaria dioica
Gnaphalium sylvaticum = Omalotheca sylvatica
Halymenia palmata = Fucus palmatus
Habenaria chlorantha = Platanthera chlorantha
Helianthemum vulgare = Helianthemum nummularium
Heliotropium peruvianum = Heliotropium arborescens
Helminthia echioides = Picris echioides
Helosciadium
nodiflorum = Apium nodiflorum
Hordeum maritimum =
Hordeum marinum
Hordeum pratense =
Hordeum secalinum
Houstonia caerulea
= Hedyotis caerulea
Hydrangea hortensis
= Hydrangea macrophylla
Hypericum
quandrangulum = Hypericum tetrapterum
Imperatoria
ostruthium = Peucedanum ostruthium
Inula dysenterica =
Pulicaria dysenterica
Iris xiphoides =
Iris latifolia
Jateorhiza palmata
= Jateorhiza calumba
Juncus glaucus =
Juncus inflexus
Juncus lamprocarpus
= Juncus articulatus
Koenigia maritima =
Koenigia islandica
Larix europaea =
Larix decidua
Lastrea filix-mas =
Dryopteris filix-mas
Lathyrus
macrorrhizus = Lathyrus linifolius
Lavandula vera =
Lavandula angustifolia
Leontodon taraxacum
= Taraxacum officinale
Linaria cymbalaria
= Cymbalaria muralis
Linaria minor =
Chaenorhinum minus
Lolium italicum =
Lolium multiflorum
Lunaria biennis =
Lunaria annua
Lychnis coronaria =
Silene coronaria
Lychnis dioica =
Silene dioica
Lychnis diurna =
Silene latifolia
Lychnis githago =
Agrostemma githago
Lychnis latifolia =
Silene latifolia
Lychnis vespertina
= Silena latifolia
Lychnis viscaria =
Silene viscaria
Lychnis viscosa =
Silene viscaria
Lycopodium selago =
Huperzia selago
Matricaria
chamomilla = Chamomilla recutita
Matricaria inodora
= Matricaria perforata
Matricaria
parthenium = Tanacetum parthenium
Medicago maculata =
Madicago arabica
Melilotus caeruleus
= Trigonella caerulea
Mentha hirsuta =
Mentha aquatica
Mentha rotundifolia = Mentha suaveolens
Mentha viridis = Mentha spicata
Myosotis palustris = Myosotis scorpioides
Myosurus agrestis = Myosurus myosuroides
Narcissus biflorus = Narcissus x medioluteus
Nepeta glechoma = Glechoma hederacea
Nephrodium cristatum
= Dryopteris cristata
Nephrodium
filix-mas = Dryopteris filix-mas
Nephrodium
oreopteris = Oreopteris limbosperma
Nephrodium
thelypteris = Thelypteris palustris
Onobrychis sativa =
Onobrychis viciifolia
Ononis arvensis =
Ononis spinosa
Ononis campestris =
Ononis spinosa
Ononis repens =
Ononis spinosa
Orchis latifolia =
Dactylorhiza maialis
Orchis maculata =
Dactylorhiza maculata
Orobus tuberosus =
Lathyrus linifolius
Oxyacantha
crataegus = Crataegus laevigata
Paeonia officinalis = Paeonia, cultivars
Palmaria palmata = Fucus palmatus
Petasites vulgaris = Petasites hybridus
Peucedanum sativum = Pastinaca sativa
Peziza coccinea = Sarcoscypha coccinea
Peziza cochleata = Otidea cochleata
Phaseolus multiflorum var. coccinea = Phaseolus coccineus
Phellandrium aquaticum = Oenanthe aquatica
Phlox acutifolium = Phlox paniculata var. acutifolium
Phytolacca decandra = Phytolacca acinos
Poa aquatica = Glyceria maxima
Polyanthus vulgaris = Primula "polyanthus" (a hybrid primrose)
Polygonum convolvulus = Fallopia convolvulus
Polygonum fagopyrum = Fagopyron esculentum
Potentilla fragariastrum = Potentilla sterilis
Potentilla tormentilla = Potentilla erecta
Primula variabilis = Primula elatior
Prunus insititia = Prunus domestica var. insititia
Psamma arenaria = Ammophila arenaria
Pteridium filix-mas = Dryopteris filix-mas
Pteris aquilina = Pteridium aquilinum
Pyrus aria = Sorbus aria
Pyrus aucuparia = Sorbus aucuparia
Pyrus communis = Malus pyrus
Pyrus cydonia = Cydonum cotoneum
Pyrus domestica = Malus pyrus
Pyrus japonica = Malus pyrifolia
Pyrus malus
(crab-apple) = Malus sylvestris
Pyrus malus (cultivated
apple-tree) = Malus pumila
Pyrus scandica = Sorbus intermedia
Pyrus torminalis = Sorbus torminalis
Quercus robus var.
sessiliflora = Quercus petraea
Quercus sessiliflora = Quercus petraea
Quercus sessilis = Quercus petraea
Rhamnus frangula = Frangula alnus
Rhinanthus crista-galli = Rhinanthus angustifolius
Ribes grossularia = Ribes uva-crispa
Rosa spinosissima = Rosa pimpinellifolia
Rumex aquatica = Rumex
hydrolapathum
Salicornia herbacea
= Salicornia europaea
Salix amygdalina = Salix triandra
Sambucus pubens = Sambucus racemosa
Salix rubra = Salix purpurea
Sarcoscypha coccinea = Sarcoscypha austriaca
Sarothamnus scoparius = Cytisus scoparius
Saxifraga sarmentosa = Saxifraga stolonifera
Scabiosa arvensis = Knautia arvensis
Scabiosa succisa = Succisa pratensis
Scirpus maritimus = Bolboschoenus maritimus
Scirpus cespitosus = Trichophorum cespitosum
Scirpus lacustris = Schoenoplectus lacustris
Scirpus palustris = Eleocharis palustris
Scolopendrium vulgare = Phillitis scolopendrium
Scrophularia aquatica = Scrophularia auriculata
Sedum glaucum = Sedum hispanicum
Sedum reflexum = Sedum rupestre
Senebiera coronopus = Coronopus squamatus
Serratula arvensis = Cirsium arvense
Silene cucubalus = Silene vulgaris
Silene inflata = Silene vulgaris
Silene maritima = Silene uniflora
Sium angustifolium = Berula erecta
Sium nodiflorum =
Apium nodiflorum
Sparganium ramosum
= Sparganium erectum
Spiraea filipendula = Filipendula ulmaria
Spiranthes autumnalis = Spiranthes spiralis
Stachys lanata = Stachys byzantina
Sticta pulmonaria =
Pulmonaria longifolia
Symphoricarpos
racemosus = Symphoricarpos rivularis
Tanacetum
parthenium = Tanacetum parthenium
Taraxacum
dens-leonis = Taraxacum officinale
Torilis anthriscus
= Torilis japonica
Tilia parvifolia =
Tilia cordata
Trichomanes
radicans = Trichomanes speciosum
Trifolium minus =
Trifolium dubium
Trifolium
procumbens = Trifolium campestre
Triticum caninum =
Elymus caninus
Triticum junceum =
Elymus farctus
Triticum repens =
Elitrygia repens
Tritoma uvaria =
Kniphofia uvaria
Tropaeolum
canariense = Tropaeolum peregrinum
Ulex nanus = Ulex
minor
Ulmus
Valerianella olitoria
= Valerianella locusta
Vallota purpurea =
Cyrtanthus speciosus
Viola mariana =
Campanula trachelium
Viola sylvestris,
V. sylvatica = Viola reichenbachiana
THE
DIALECTAL NAMES
In the left column: scientific names in bold characters. In the right column
the English names.
Arrows refer to appendices.
|
Abies alba |
|
Silver
Fir |
|
fir The cones: apple Linc., Wor., deal-apple e.Anglia, fir-apple nw.
Cumb., |
||
|
Acer campestre |
|
Field
Maple |
|
maplin-tree Glouc.,
dog-oak York., Not., cat-oak w.York., oak |
||
|
Acer pseudoplatanus |
|
Sycamore |
|
maple s.Cumb.,
England, may, may-tree Corn., share w.Cy., segumber Devon,
seggy e.York., horse-shoe Wilt., whistle-wood Selk., n.Cy.,
Nhb. (see Salix) The winged seeds: cats-and-keys
|
||
|
Achillea millefolium |
|
Yarrow |
|
yarrel Suff., yallow Lanc.,
yock-yall, york-yall Linc., yarra-grass Essex, yarroway e.Angl.,
yarwe OE, gearwe AS, prob. from yar (York., Lanc.) acid,
sour; hurr (Linc., Kent., Sussex) tart, astringent, rough-tasting;
stanch-grass Aberd. ("stink grass") thousand-leaf Ches., Lanc.,
thousand-leaf grass Staff., thousand-leaved clover Berw., Rxb.,
Nhb., milfoil (-) (French mille-feuilles), hundred-leaved grass Nhb. green-arrow Suff.,
stop-blood s.Pemb., nose-bleed Hamp., devil's nettle Ches.,
breakstone-parsley Staff., hemming-and-sewing Hamp., old-man's
mustard Linc. (for moustache), traveller's
ease Wilt., betsey |
||
|
Achillea ptarmica |
|
Sneezewort |
|
love-entangled,
seven-years-love Devon, seven-year's love Glouc., w.Som.,
Devon, bachelor’s button Nhp., moolery-tea Caith.,
goose-tongue w.York., Nhp., War., Shrop., white-weed Antrim,
fair-maid-of-France Midl. (a cultivated variety), bastard
pellatory |
||
|
Achillea serrata |
sweet-mace Not., mace
(-) (yarrow has a strong odour) |
|
|
Acinos arvensis |
mother-of-thyme Som., |
Basil-thyme |
|
Aconitum napellus |
|
Monkshood |
|
monk's cowl Shrop.,
monk-wood Ches., masterwort (-), monkey('s) hood Devon,
pope's ode Nhp. (hood), grandmother's bonnet Som., granny’s
nightcap Suff., grandmother's nightcap n.York., Ches., Nrf., Kent,
old-granny's nightcap Oxf., auld-wife-hud, old-wife's huid Cumb.
(hood), old-woman's nightcap n.York., Oxf., s.Buck., old-woman
n.Linc., friar's-caps Devon, soldier('s) cap Nhp., Turk's
cap Nhp., Som., cuckoo's cap Ches., Shrop., cuckold's cap Cumb.,
Nrf., n.Essex captain-over-the-garden n.York., dove-flower
Berk., Venus'-doves Devon, Venus'-chariot-drawn-by-doves Berk.,
Essex, Noahs-ark Glamorgan, Jacob's chariot Essex,
horses-and-cariages Hamp., bulls-and wheys n.Westm., adam-and-eve
Norf “on lifting the hood of the flower, the upper petals appear
as two little figures”, face-in-hood Nrf., boots-and-shoes Corn.,
barfut w.Wor., bear's foot Not., Nhb., Hamp. (attributed to Alchemilla
vulgaris and Helleborus), luckie's mutch Lanark, cat-tail
Shrop., wolf's bane (-) |
||
|
Acorus calamus |
sweet rush War.,
sweet-seg s.Cy., sweet-flag Ches. |
Sweet
Flag |
|
Adiantum capillus-veneris |
|
Maiden-hair
Fern |
|
fairy-fern w.Irel.,
dudder-grass Nrf., lady-anthrer-grerninum Hamp., black-spem Hamp.
(for “sperm”; so named from its blackish spores) |
||
|
Adonis aestivalis |
rose-ruby (-) |
Summer
Pheasant's-eye |
|
Adonis annua |
jack-in-the-green Wilt.,
love-lies-bleeding Glouc. |
Pheasant's-eye |
|
Adoxa moschatellina |
musk-weed w.York.,
town-hall clock Cumb., good-friday flower |
Moschatel |
|
Aegopodium podagraria |
|
Ground
Elder |
|
ash-weed Wilt., w.Som. “from
its casual resemblance to the leaf of the ash”, ground ash Ches.,
Linc., War., sweet ash Som., wild ash Cumb., white-ash Som.,
ground-elder Hamp., War.,Wor., sw.Linc., I.Wight, wild elder Buck.,
wild alder Linc., wild esh nw.Cumb., Dutch-elder Wilt., dog-eller
Ches., dwarf-elder Hamp. (= prob. Sambucus ebulus),
bishop-weed Scotland, bishop’s weed n.Irel., Dorset, jump-about
War., Oxf., jack-jump-about Nhp., War., Hert., garden plague Antrim,
gout-weed (-) |
||
|
Aesculus hippocastanum |
|
Horse
Chestnut |
|
conker Ches., s.Not.,
s.Linc., Oxf., Wilt., Som. "So called by the boys, who bore holes
through them and hang them on pieces of string, and then challenge one
another to try which can break the other's conquer by striking it with his
own" (in Wright) |
||
|
Aethusa cynapium |
fool's parsley Bnff., Ches.,
|
Fool's
Parsley |
|
Agrimonia eupatoria |
haemony Glouc. (from the
scient. name), rat-tail Dur., harvest-lice Hamp. |
Agrimony |
|
Agrostemma githago |
|
Corn
Cockle |
|
popple Irel., Scot.,
Nhb., Cumb., York., Linc., e.Anglia, poppel N.Irel., papple Scot.,
poppy Ches. (the seed; popple = also pebble, cobble),
sea-pink N.Irel., |
||
|
Agrostemma githago |
|
Corncockle |
|
cokeweed Scot.,
cockweed (-), cock's caim Lanark (comb), corn-cockle n.York.,
Glouc., Essex, Dorset, Suff. |
||
|
Agrostis capillaris |
|
Common
Bent-grass |
|
bent n.York., bent-grass
Nhb., Cumb., Westm., black-squitch War., fine-bent n.Cy., fine-john
Ches., monkey's grass Sussex, dun-john Ches. (Agrostis
sp.), bread-and-cheese Sussex (?) |
||
|
Agrostis curtisii |
rabbit's grass, deer's foot
grass I.Wight, |
Bristle
Bent-grass |
|
Agrostis gigantea |
marsh-bent |
Black
Bent-grass |
|
Agrostis stolonifera |
|
Creeping
Bent-grass |
|
water-twitch Cumb.,
running-twitch Midl., fiorin-grass Irel., black-couch,
couchy-black Wilt., black-grass |
||
|
Aira caryophyllea |
silver-hair |
Silver
Hair-grass |
|
Ajuga reptans |
|
Bugle |
|
wood-betony Irel., herb-flower
|
||
|
Alcea rosea |
hollyhock (-) (for hock,
see Malva sylvestris) |
Hollyhock |
|
Alisma plantago-aquatica |
devil's spoon Scot. (also
attributed improperly to Potamogeton natans) |
Common
Water-plantain |
|
Alium sativum |
country-man's treacle Corn. |
Garlic |
|
Alliaria petiolata |
|
Garlic
Mustard |
|
hedge-garlick Cumb.,
jack-in-the-edge I.Wight, |
||
|
Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum |
leek Scot., Nhb.,
Nhp., Som., |
Leek |
|
Allium ascalonicum |
|
Shallot
|
|
seibow, sibow, syboe, sybow, sebow, seybie, seybo, seybow, sibba Scot., sybo Scot., Nhb., sybee Nhb.
(Ofr.
chibole, from Spanish cebolla, Ital. cipolla "onion" scallion |
||
|
Allium cepa var. cepa |
|
Onion |
|
ownion Devon, einyun
s.War., inion Nhb., Leic., Nhp., Shrop., Hert., London, e.Anglia,
Hamp., iniun Hamp., injen, injyen, innon London, inin
Glouc., n.Wilt., Som., innin, innion Glouc., inon Nhp., War.,
s.Wor., Hrf., Glouc., Berk., Hamp., I.Wight, Wilt., Dorset, inun
se.Wor., inyan w.Irel., inian Devon, inyon Ches., Corn.,
unjun n.Linc., ingyun e.Suff., ingun Fife, ne.Kent,
w.Som., e.Corn., ingon Aberd., Kent, Hamp., ingin Frf., Rnf.,
Devon, inggon London, ingeon Devon, ingen Nrf., ingan
Banff, Aberd., Perth, Ayr., Lanark, Edinb., Selk., hingin Devon
(French oignon) chibbole War., Wor.,
Glouc., Oxf., I.Wight, Wilt., Dorset, Som., Devon, Corn., chibbal
War., s.Wor., Corn., chibbel I.Wight, chibble Oxf., Devon, cribbles
Wilt. (prob. a typo for chibbles), chivvels Herf.,
Hamp., Corn., chiboal w.Som., chipple Wilt., Dorset, gibble
Glamorgan, Glouc., Wilt., Dorset, Som., gibbal Glamorgan, gibbol
Glouc., Som., gibbole Dorset, jibbal Glouc., gibbel Som.
(young onion with the green stalk attached) (OF chibole) bullneck Scot., War.
"an onion that does not form a bulb but grows
somewhat like a leek", scallion |
||
|
Allium fistulosum |
holleke (16th
century), |
Welsh
onion |
|
Allium sativum |
|
Garlic |
|
porret York., Hrf.,
pouret(t), purrit Hrf., poor man's treacle Ches., churles'
treacle Ches. (regarded as a treacle or antidote to the bite of venomous
animals), clow Scot. (one of the lamina of a head of garlic; = clove) |
||
|
Allium schoenoprasum |
cives Corn., chive Nhb.,
sives (-), sye Scot. French cive) |
Chives |
|
Allium scorodoprasum |
sand-tines w.York. |
Sand
Leek |
|
Allium ursinum |
|
Garlic |
|
garlick Irel., Ches., War.,
Glouc., Surrey, I.Wight, wild garlic Ches., War., Wor., Glouc.,
Surrey., Devon, garlick-wild Ches., War., Glouc., Surrey (OE gārleac,
from gār spear, and lēac leek - Oxford Dict.),
wild leek Nhb., gipsy-onion(s) s.Cy., I. Wight, ram York., rame
Pemb., rams n&w.York., ramsh Perth, ramp n.York.,
ne.Lanc., ramps Irel., Scot., n.Cy., Nhb., Lakel., Cumb., Lanc., yamps
Scot., n.Dmf., ramsey Nrf., Devon., ramsy Nrf., ramsies
Nfr., Devon, ramson(s) Irel., Scot., England, ramsden I.Wight, rosems
York., Stf., rommy, roms w.York., ram's horns Glouc. (from ram
"rancid, strong-flavoured, offensive in smell or taste",
stink-plant n.Linc., stink-pot York., devil-posy Shrop. |
||
|
Allium vineale |
crow-garlic Nhb., Hert.,
crow-onion War., se.Wor., wild onions War., Aaron's beard n.Wil. |
Crow
Garlic |
|
Alnus glutinosa |
|
Common
Alder |
|
alder Engl., aller
s.Scot., n.Cy., Nhb., Durham, York., Lanc., Sussex, er Westm., ellar Cumb.,
oller Nhb., War., ollern Shrop., arl, orl Wor., Shrop.,
Hrf., Reading, Glouc., aul Hrf., harrul, orl-wood Glouc.,
arl-tree, arl-timber Hrf., oler Ches., owler w.York.,
Lanc., Ches., Derby, nw.Derby, n.Linc., Shrop., Hrf., owlder w.York., black-aller
w.Som., waller, wallow, wallur Ches., Staff., Shrop. (waller
has also been attributed to Salix alba), woller, wuller, wullow Shrop.,
hollard Som. (in |
||
|
Alopecurus myosuroides |
|
Black
Grass |
|
black-grass Bdf., e.Anglia,
Sussex, I.Wight, black-squitch War., mouse-tails Wilt.,
land-grass Bdf., n.Som., bennet-weed Hert. |
||
|
Alopecurus pratensis |
|
Meadox
Foxtail |
|
fox-tail Staff., Suss., fox-tail
grass Glouc., elbowwit-grass Lanark, bent Shrop. (collective
for grasses), hunger-weed Ches. (attributed to "Alopecurus
arvensis"). |
||
|
Aloysia triphylla |
lemon-plant w.Som., |
Lemon
Verbena |
|
Althaea officinalis |
marsh-mallice I.Wight,
marsh-mallow York., Suff., white-mallow (-), wimote Shrop. |
Marsh
Mallow |
|
Alyssum saxatile |
gold-dust |
Golden
Alyssum |
|
Amaranthus caudatus |
cat-tail Nrf., |
Love-lies-bleeding |
|
Amelanchier canadensis |
solembury Glouc. |
Snowy
Mespilus |
|
Ammophila arenaria |
|
Marram-grass |
|
marem, marrum, murram Nrf., marum
|
||
|
Anagallis arvensis |
|
Scarlet
Pimpernel |
|
shepherd's calendar Devon,
shepherd's clock Glouc., shepherd's watch Cumb., Nrf., n.Essex,
shepherd's dial Midl., shepherd's sundial Suff., shepherd's
warning Linc., shepherd's delight n.Linc., w.Som., shepherd's
glass Not., Rutland, shepherd's weather-glass n.York.,
Not., Lanc., Linc., Nhp., Wilt., Devon, poor man's weather-glass Lanark,
Cumb., Ches., Nhp., War., Huntingdon, ploughman's weatherglass Wilt.,
old-man Wilt., shepherd’s clock, shepherd-joy Buck., Dorset
john-that-goes-to-bed-at-noon s.Ches., Nhp., sun-flower sw.Cumb.,
bird’s eye Oxf., Berw., Wilt., bird’s tongue Nrf., peeper w.York.,
tom-pimpernel York., pimpernel |
||
|
Anagallis tenella |
|
Bog
Pimpernel |
|
poor-man’s weather-glass Hamp.,
weatherglass Lakel., s.Buck., Wilt. (see A. arvensis) |
||
|
Anaphalis margaritacea |
|
Pearly
Everlasting |
|
moor-everlasting Nhb.,
ever-white Nhp., lady-never-fade Glouc., white-wort Hamp.,
white gowlan Nhb., cat's foot w.York., pearl cudweed (-),
old-sow Nrf. |
||
|
Anchusa officinalis |
eyebright w.Som. |
Alkanet |
|
Andromeda polifolia |
marsh-holymore |
Bog
Rosemary |
|
Anemone nemorosa |
|
Wood
Anemone |
|
wind-flower Twd., York.,
Ches., Not., Leic., Nhp., War., Glouc., s.Buck., Devon; also attributed to Pulsatilla
vulgaris, formerly named Anemone vulgaris (A bookish translation
of the scientific name Anemone believed to mean "flower of the
wind". However, the Greek anemonè is a loan from Arabic Saqà'iq
an-nu`màn a red flower, from nu`màn "blood". The
explanation "flower that opens on the slightest wind" is wrong anemony (-), nemony
Lanc., Linc., Rutland, Glouc., Som., Devon, nemmony Rutland, nemeny
Devon, neminie Lanc., Glouc., emony, Linc., Som., Devon,
enemy Linc., cuckoo Wilt., cuckoo-flower York., Ches., s.Buck.,
Wilt., cuckoo-spit Devon, w.Wor. (like the preceding appellation, these
names probably refer to Pulsatilla vulgaris (formerly Anemone
vulgaris), on account of its bell-like flowers; applied to Anemone
nemorosa, these names fail to offer an explanation), drop-of-snow
e.Sussex, moll-of-the-wood War., nedcullion N.Irel. (Gaelic
Irel. nead cailleach), moon-flower Dor., soldier,
white-soldiers s.Buck., bow-bells, underground Devon, snakes’
eye Dorset, snake-flower sw.Linc., Dorset (?), smell-foxes
Hamp., smell-smock Hert. (this plant has no odour) |
||
|
Anethum graveolens |
dill n.Linc. |
Dill |
|
Angelica sylvestris |
|
Wild
Angelica |
|
smooth-kesh Cumb.,
ground-ash n.Cy., Nhb., ground-elder Ches. jack-jump-about Nhp.,
eggs-and-bacon Nhp., ghost-kex w.York., oat-skeiters Moray,
water-kesh Cumb. (see Berula), fellon-grass Rxb. (see
Imperatoria) |
||
|
Anthemis arvensis, Anthemis cotula |
margon, morgan Sussex., Hamp.,
I.Wight, margin I.Wight |
Corn
Chamomile, Stinking Chamomile |
|
Anthemis cotula |
|
Stinking
Chamomile |
|
maithen Wor., Shrop.,
Glouc., Sussex, Hamp., I.Wight, Dorset, meäden Dorset, mavin
sussex, mathen Glouc., mathan Hamp., nathan War.,
mathern Hamp., Wilt., Dorset, mather War., Hrf., mathig Shrop.,
maythern, moythern Shrop., mauthern Wilt., mawthern
I.Wight, may-tops Nhb. (attributed to Laminaria, a seaweed,
along with may-weed), may-weed, may-wide Hert., Bdf., Hrf.,
Hamp., Sussex, Midl., Suff., Kent, Devon, maitheweed n.Cy., maythes
ME, mayeðe OE. dog-daisy w.York., Shrop.,
Kent, Devon, dog-banner m.York., dog-binder n.York.,
dog-fennel Midl., War., dog-finkle York., n.Cy. (not
"tinkle"), dogstinks Lakel., dog-stinkers w.York. horse-daisy Buck.,
balder(‘s) brae Nhb. (Norw. dial. baldrbraa, ON baldrs-bra,
Swed. dial balders-bra, Dan. baldersbraa), poison-daisy Sussex |
||
|
Anthoxanthum odoratum |
pig-grass n.York., spikenard
Wilt. |
Sweet
Vernal-grass |
|
Anthriscus sylvestris |
|
Cow
Parsley |
|
devil’s-meat, devil’s-metal Shetl.,
devil's oatmeal Surr., devil's parsley Ches., badman’s oatmeal Antrim,
naughty-man's oatmeal, naughty-man's plaything War. (and other
Umbelliferae, some being poisonous), dog-parsley Hert., sheep's
parsley Nrf., Kent, hare-parsley Som., coney-parsley Suss.,
cow-parsley Glouc., Oxf., Berk., Cumb., Nrf., n.Essex., Hamp.,
cow-mumble Cumb., Nrf., Essex, cow-weed Essex (also
other Umbelliferae, see Heracleum, Anthemis cotula), wild parsley e.Radnor,
Linc., Buck. (here attributed to the Shepherd's Needle), rat's bane w.Som.,
rabbit's food Buck., rabbit's meat York., n.Linc., War., Sussex,
w.Som., n.Devon, scab-flower Cumb., hech-how Scot., ha-ho Irel.
(da-ho appears to be a misprint),
hi-ho, hi-how N.Irel., |
||
|
Anthyllis vulneraria |
|
Vetch
(Kidney) |
|
yellow crow's foot Buck.,
twin w.York., hens-and-chickens Wor., dog's paise Banff,
lamb-toe War., Nhp., Rutland, craw-nebs Nhb., pincushion Wilt.,
lady's cushion, ladies' cushion Wilt., double-ladies'
double-pincushion |
||
|
Antirrhinum majus |
|
Snapdragon |
|
dragon Irel., Scot.,
Engl., draygon Scot., dragon's head Berw., dragon's mouth n.Linc.,
tiger's mouth Suff., Sussex, lion's jaw Kent, lion's mouth Sussex,
bunny-mouth Kent, Surrey (see bun in Plant parts),
calve's-snout Corn., dog('s) mouth Linc., w.York., Oxf., Devon,
dog-snout Nrf., dog-barker Oxf., rabbit's flower Devon,
rabbit's mouth Kent, rabbit Wilt., catch-fly n.Linc. (it is
a somewhat sticky plant), mother's nightcap Nhb. |
||
|
Aphanes arvensis |
|
Parsley-piert |
|
dew-cup Selkirk,
elf-shot Gall., colickwort Hert., bowel-hive-grass Scot.
(bowel-hive is a disease), fire-grass England (beneficial in
erysipelas), parsley-breakstone Scot., Ork., War., Suff., lamb's
foot Lanc., bear’s foot, ladies-mantle (?) (-) |
||
|
Apium graveolens |
|
Wild
Celery |
|
salary York., Lanc.,
Ches., Linc., Wor., Oxf., Buck., Som., sallary Lanc., sallery s.Lanc.,
sollery se.Wor., names related to salt; the Common Sorrel, a sour plant,
is also called celery, salad; ache Engl. (French ache),
mile Rxb., see Chenopodium album |
||
|
Apium nodiflorum |
|
Fool's
Watercress |
|
water case (for cress),
pied water-cress Corn. swine's cress Ork., n.York., cow-cress Hamp.,
fool's cress*, brook-lime War. (see Veronica
beccabunga), bilder |
||
|
Aquilegia vulgaris |
|
Common
Columbine |
|
nightcaps Wilt., granny's
nightcap Glouc., granny-hoods w.York., granny’s-bonnet Dorset,
fool's cap w.York., primrose-soldiers Wilt., Cain-and-Abel s.Wilt.
(see Orchis), boots-and-shoes Corn., hens-and-chickens Nrf.,
lady's shoes e.Anglia, lady's slipper Corn., bachelor’s button Wilt.,
colourbine Linc., Nhp., curranbine Ches., cullavine n.Cy.,
Cumb., York., cullenby w.Cumb. (= columbine), snap-gragon Devon |
||
|
Arabis alpina |
|
Alpine
Rockcress |
|
may Som.,
march-and-may Nhp., bishop’s wig, white-rock, white mays Ches.,
snow-drift |
||
|
Arabis caucasica |
snow-on-the-mountain War. |
Garden
Arabis |
|
Arachis hypogaea |
monkey-nut Lanc. |
Peanut |
|
Araucaria araucana |
puzzle-monkey w.Som.,
monkey-tree w.Som., |
Monkey-puzzle |
|
Arbutus unedo |
cane-apple Irel.: |
Strawberry
Tree |
|
Arctium lappa |
|
Greater
Burdock |
|
cuckuts I.Wight, cucket,
cuckit n.York. cuckle I.W., Dorset, Devon, Corn., cuckhold
Corn., n.York., Cumb., Glouc., e.Anglia., Dorset, Som., Devon, cuckoo Dorset,
cuckoldy-burrs Cumb., crockelty-bur Cumb., cuckoldy-burr-busses
Som., Devon, Corn., cuckold-dock w.Som., nw.Devon., Corn., cuckle-dock
Corn. (for dock see Water Lily), cuckold-buttons Som., Devon, cuckle-button
Devon., cuckle-moors Dorset, cockle Wilt., Hamp., Dorset,
cockly-burrs, cockelty-burrs Cumb., cockle-buttons Devon, Corn. |
||
|
Arctium minus |
cuckoo-buttons w.Som., n.Devon,
guckoo-buttons w.Som. (see Arctium lappa) |
Lesser
Burdock |
|
Arctostaphyllos uva-ursi |
|
Bearberry |
|
nashag Caith.,
gnashicks Banff (Gaelic Scotland cnaimhseag), brawlins
n.Scot., rapperdandy Scot., n.Cy., Nhb., burren-myrtle Galway
(so called from its abundance on the Burren mountains), cranberry Aberdeen
(see Vaccinium oxycoccum), |
||
|
Areca catechu |
ragonet (areca nut) (-) |
Betel
Nut |
|
Arenaria islandica ? |
benner-gowan Scot. |
mountain
daisy |
|
Aristolochia sipho |
dutchman's pipe Glouc.,
pipe-vine (-). |
Broad-leaved
Birthwort |
|
Armeria maritima |
|
Sea
Pink |
|
sea-daisy Aberd., s.Scot.,
n.Cy., Sussex, Devon, Corn., sea-pink Ayr., s.Scot., n.Cy., Cumb.,
w.York., ne.Lanc., n.Ches., Staff., Devon, Corn., scawfell-pink Cumb.,
marsh-daisy Cumb. (?), french-pink, cliff-rose, rock-rose Devon,
sweet-gabies Kent, edging Devon (plant suitable for edgings),
pincushion Devon, Suff., lady's cushion, ladies' cushion Ches.,
Dorset, lady's pincushion Hamp., profolium Hamp., thrift Devon
? |
||
|
|
|
|
|
Armoracia rusticana |
reefort, reefart, rifart,
ryfart Scot. (French raifort "pungent root"), red-cole,
red coal, rae-coll Clydesdale |
Horse
Radish |
|
Arrhenatherum elatior |
haver-grass Cumb. |
False
Oat-grass |
|
Arrhenatherum elatior subsp. bulbosum |
|
False
Oat-grass (tuberous subspecies) |
|
button-grass, button-twitch,
butter-twitch Cumb., swine-arnots Scot. (s. earth nut; has
tuberous roots), swine's murricks Shetl., Ork. knot-couch Wilt.,
knot-grass Scot., e.Cy., Essex, Nhb., Wilt., Hert., Bdf. (here attributed
to Agrostis stolonifera) from its tubers "looking... like a
string of beads"; lobbin-grass Londonderry (the bulbous variety),
onion-couch Glouc., w.Cy., onion-grass S.Buck., pearl,
pearl-grass Antrim, Donegal, pirl-grass Scot. (the
preceeding names on account of the small pearl-like tubers peculiar to this
variety) |
||
|
Artemisia abrotanum |
|
Southernwood |
|
lad's-love Scot., Aberdeen,
Gall., n.Cy., Nhb., n.Cumb., York., Lanc., Ches., Midl., nw.Derby, Not., Linc.,
Rutland, Leic., Nhp., War., Wor., e.Anglia, Sussex, s.Hamp., Devon, Corn.,
boy’s love Ches., maid's love Nhp., old-man York., Lanc.,
Ches., Linc., Rutland, Nhp., War., Wor., Shrop., Oxf., London, Cumb., Nrf.,
Essex, Kent, Sussex, Hamp., Wilt., Devon, Corn., old-man's love Nhb.,
Berk., Suff., maiden's ruin Devon, maiden-delight Corn.,
mother-wood n.Linc., sitherwood Scot., Cumb., Irel., sidderwood
Gall., sovereign-wood Essex, sloven-wood e.Anglia (for
"southern wood"), apple-reengie Fife, apple-ringie,
apple-ringy, apple-riennie Scot., overengie Aberd., "may
prob. be a corr. of Ofr. averoine" Wright, citron-wood Scot. |
||
|
Artemisia absinthium |
|
Wormwood |
|
wormod, wermod Nhb.,
wormuth, wormeth Devon, wermout Pemb., wormit n.Cy., Nhb.,
Devon, wormöd, wermöd OE (< worm wood, whence also Germ. Wermut; the plant was
used in the preparation of a medicine as well as an alcoholic drink),
old-woman Shrop. (corruption of wormod ?), gall-wood Scot. |
||
|
Artemisia maritima |
savin |
Sea
Wormwood |
|
Artemisia vulgaris |
|
Mugwort |
|
muggert Irel, Scot., Cumb.,
muggart Banff, Aberd., sw.Scot., Gall., mugger Ayr.,
muggons, muggins Scot., mugweed Ches., mugwood Dur., Cumb.,
York., Shrop., mingwort n.Cy., mugwort Caith. bulwand Shetl. & Ork.,
bowlocks Wigtown, moofard Caith., fat-hen s.Buck., apple-pie
Ches., green-ginger Linc., fellon-herb Corn.,
mother-wort e.York. (also A. absinthia), sailor's-tobacco Huntingdon. |
||
|
Arum maculatum |
|
Cuckoo
Pint |
|
jack-in-the-box,
jack-in-box N.Irel., Berw., w.Som., jack-in-the-pulpit n.Linc., school-master
e.Sussex., lamb-in-a-pulpit Devon, lamb-lakens, lamb-lakins n.Cy.,
Nhb., Nhp. parson-in-his-smock n.Linc.,
parson-in-the-pulpit York., Ches., w.Som. (also
attributed to Aconitum napellus), parson-and-clerk poison-berry n.York., Wilt., bloody-fingers Hamp., Berw.,
bloody man’s fingers Hrf., Radnor, Wor. (from its scarlet
berries), bloody thumbs e.Wor., dead-man's fingers Surrey, Inverness,
Wor., Nhb., Buck., w.Som., Shrop., Glouc., Kent, Sussex, Devon, deed-man's
fingers, -thumb War., dead-man's hand Hamp., War., Glouc., Sussex,
Nhb., dead-man's thumb Nhb., Sussex, de'il's foot, devil's foot
Nhb., dead-man's bells Scot., Aberdeen, Nhb., dead-men's bellows n.Cy.,
bloody-bells n.York., ramson Cumb, ram's horns Sussex,
ramp (see Allium ursinum), great dragon, small-dragon Sussex,
long-purple War. cocky-baby I.Wight,
parsonbilly-cock n.York., cuckoo-cock Essex, cuckoo-pint Sussex,
e.Anglia., Nhp., Leic., cuckoo-flower Nhp., cuckoe-pint s.Berw.,
cuckoo-point w.York. drake's feet n.Linc.,
crake-feet n&e.York., trape-feet n.Linc. craw-feet
York., crow-foot Lanc., Dur., Cumb., York., craw-taes Cumb.,
crowdy-kates wake-robin Scot., Rxb.,
Ches., War., |
||
|
Asparagus officinalis (cultivated) |
|
Asparagus
(cultivated) |
|
sparrygrass, sparrow-grass Scot., grass War.,
Wor., |
||
|
Asperula cynanchica |
shepherd's bedstraw Glouc.,
quinancy-wort |
Squinancywort |
|
Asplenium ruta-muraria |
rue- |
Wall
Rue |
|
Aster tripolium |
|
Sea
Aster |
|
michaelmas-daisy Ches., |
||
|
Astragalus glycyphyllos |
wild liquorice Lanark |
Wild
Liquorice |
|
Athyrium filix-femina |
lady-bracken Rxb., Dmf. |
Lady
Fern |
|
Atriplex hortensis |
golden-herb n.Cy., butter-leaves
Glouc., mercury Linc. ( prob. Mercurialis), orache
(French arroche) |
Orache |
|
Atriplex patula |
fat-hen Dur., Nhb.,
w.York., e.Anglia (see Chenopodium album), orach (French arroche)
|
Common
Orache |
|
Atriplex prostrata |
hard-head Leic.
(see Centaurea nigra) |
Spear-leaved
Orache |
|
Atropa belladonna |
|
Deadly
Nightshade |
|
dwale Scot., York., |
||
|
Aubretia deltoides |
sheerwort |
Aubretia |
|
Aucuba japonica |
sparked-laurel Som. (sparked
= variegated) |
Spotted
|
|
Avena fatua |
wild corn Scot., Rxb.,
flaver Scot.: Dmf., kentish-longtails |
Wild
Oat |
|
Avena sativa subsp. sativa |
|
Cultivated
Oat |
|
awt Lanc., aet, ate
Shetl., ait Scot., Berw., Nhb., Cumb., n.York., eet m.York., yait
Cumb., m.York., yeat Nhb., Cumb., yet Nhb., Dur., e.Anglia,
Devon, yett Nhb., yit Scot., oath Wxf., owet Devon,
uet m.York., w.York., Rutland, wet, whet Devon, wet-corn n.York.,
wat York., whoat York., Lanc., Ches., Staff., Derby, whooat
w.York., whot n&w.York., s.Lanc., n.Linc., woat Cumb.
Ches., sw.Linc., Dorset, Som., wot Lakel., Cumb., York., nw.Linc, Hamp.,
wōt, wuet m.York., wud Lanc., Ches., wut w.York.,
e.Lanc., Ches., Derby, n.Linc., Rutland, War., Shrop., Glouc., Berk., Hert.,
Cumb., Kent, Sussex, Hamp., whut Lanc., Surrey, Sussex, wuth
I.Wight, Wilt., w.Som., Devon haver Scot., Nhb., Dur.,
Cumb., Westm., York., Lanc., Linc., havre Cumb., havver Cumb.,
Westm., York., Linc., aver w.York., hauver Scot., haber,
hauber n.Cy. (Dutch haver, Norw. dial. havre, Swed.
hafre, e.Fries hafer, Germ. hafer "oat"). corn Scot., N.Irel.,
York., nw.Derby, Nhp., Hunt., flop-oats nw.Devon, cow-flop, graan w.York., graain
Berk., I.Wight, grain |
||
|
Ballota nigra |
|
Black
Horehound |
|
wirral, worral, wurral Wilt., dunny-leaf
nettle s.Buck., double-dumb-nettle Wilt., stinking-roger Shrop.,
horehound (-) |
||
|
Barbarea vulgaris |
|
Common
Wintercress |
|
yellow-weed s.Scot., n.Cy.,
yellow-rocket War., Lanark, yellow july-flower Lanark, yellow
cress w.York., land-cress York., War., Midl., s.Cy., I.Wight |
||
|
Bellis perennis |
|
Daisy |
|
daisy Scot., Irel.,
Ches., Linc., Devon, |
||
|
Berberis vulgaris |
|
Barberry |
|
pipperidge n.Cy., Cumb.,
Linc., Hert., e.Anglia., s.Cy., Hamp., Suff., Essex, pepperidge Hert.,
Suff., piperidge Cumb., piprick Linc. (from its sour berries),
wood-sore Oxf. ("sour"), red-pip Hamp.,
maiden-barberry War., guild(-tree) Selk. |
||
|
Bertholletia excelsa |
shoe-nut |
Brazil
Nut |
|
Berula erecta |
water-kex w.York., water-parsley
Kent |
Lesser
Water-parsnip |
|
Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima |
wild spinach Irel., I.Wight |
Sea
Beet |
|
Beta vulgaris var. flavescens |
butter-leaves Shrop. |
Chard,
Sicilian Beet |
|
Beta vulgaris var. rapacea |
|
Mangel |
|
mangle York., Not.,
Linc., Suff., mangel-wurzel, mangold-wurzel |
||
|
Betula pendula |
|
Silver
Birch |
|
birk Scot., Nhb.,
Dur., Cumb., Westm., York., Lanc., Derby, Not., Linc., burk Cumb.,
York. brick Nhb., birken Scot., Nhb. (Dan. birk, Norw. bjerk,
Sw. björk), bedwen Westm., Corn. (Welsh bedwen, Breton bezven),
paper-beech Wilt. |
||
|
Blackstonia perfoliata |
yellow-centaury w.York., yellow-sanctuary
Ches. |
Yellow-wort |
|
Blechnum spicant |
herring-bone fern Cumb. |
Hard
Fern |
|
Bolboschoenus maritimus |
spurt-grass |
Sea
Club-rush |
|
Borago officinalis |
|
Borage |
|
star-flower, bee-bread,
bee-plant |
||
|
Botrychium lunaria |
moon-wort |
Moonwort |
|
Brachypodium sylvaticum |
anghill-grass |
False
Brome |
|
Brassica napus |
smooth-cadlock n.Cy., Midl., shirt
Scot., winter rape |
Rape |
|
Brassica napus subsp. rapifera var. napobrassica |
swaddie Caith.
("Swedish"), Swede turnip (-), baga-root Corn.,
baggie Scot., Nhb., rutabaga English (Swedish dial. rotabagge),
rooty-baker Corn. (for rutabaga), yellow Not. |
Swede,
Rutabaga |
|
Brassica napus var. oleifera |
yellow-weed Ches., yellow-flower
Ches. cole(wort) n.Linc., Hert. (see Kale) |
Oil
Seed Rape |
|
Brassica nigra |
carlock Glouc., |
Black
Mustard |
|
Brassica oleracea |
wild cole Nhb., wild
kale Nhb., cave n.Cy. |
Wild
Cabbage |
|
Brassica oleracea var. acephala |
|
Kale,
Curled Kale |
|
kole Shetl., Ork., colewort
(-), kale Irel., Scot., Nhb., Dur., Cumb., Westm., York., Lanc.,
Ches., Derby, Glouc., kail Scot., N.Irel., n.Cy., Nhb., Dur., Lakel.,
Cumb., Westm., York., Ches., Bdf., kayle Wexf., cael ne.York., cail
m.York., keal Scot. n.Cy., Cumb., Westm., York., ne.Lanc., Derby,
Glouc., keale Cumb., e.York, keall Cumb., keayle Westm.,
keeal n&e.York., keel n.Cy., kel Ches., kele,
kyel, kyell Nhb., kial Scot., n.York. "cabbage, green of all
kinds", kale-runt Scot., Banff, Ayr., Edinb., Gall., N.Irel. (the
stem). curly-greens Cumb.,
crilly-greens nw.Devon (curly); curdly-greens w.Som.,
wintergreen w.Som., early-hearts Down (mature, early cabbages), curly-kale,
curly-kail Scot., curly-plant e.Fife |
||
|
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis |
curlyflower n.Linc.,
curly Scot., |
Cauliflower |
|
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis forma asparagoides |
brockilow War., Wor.,
Cumb., Corn., broccolow Corn. |
Broccoli |
|
Brassica oleracea var. capitata |
|
Cabbage |
|
cole n.Cy., York., Derby,
Pemb., Linc., Hert., s.Cy., Sussex, Som., Devon, Corn., coul Som., caul
nw.Devon, Corn., cowl Pemb., bowkail, boll-kail Scot.: Perth,
popple Cumb. (the seed; popple = also pebble,
cobble), |
||
|
Brassica oleracea var. capitata |
red-cail Scot. (the
red variety) |
Red
Cabbage |
|
Brassica oleracea var. caulorapa |
green-kail Scot. |
Kohlrabi |
|
Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera |
feather-legs Nhp., nob Suff.,
|
Brussel
sprouts |
|
Brassica rapa subsp. campestris var. rapifera |
|
Turnip |
|
turnip Scot., Nhb., Lakel.,
Midl., Derby, Linc. Oxf., Buck., Suff., Wilt., Devon, carlock England
widespread, York., Berw., Nhp., Suff., Essex, carlic Bedf.,
careluck Glouc., charlock Sussex, churlick Hamp.,
kerlack Not., Nhp., kerlick Berw., Oxf. (see Sinapis arvensis),
naphew Shrop. (French naveau, modern navet), stark n.Cy.
(a variety of turnip), knoll |
||
|
Briza media |
|
Common
Quaking-grass |
|
doddle-grass Sussex, Wilt.,
Devon, didder-grass Lanc., diddery-docks Dur., dawther-grass
Kent (dodder), dothering-dick n.Cy., Nhb., Dur.,
dothering-dickies n.Cy., Nhb., Cumb., York., dothering-dillies Dur. trembling-grass York.,
s.Lanc., Ches., Suff., tremblin-grass, ladies' hair Nhb.,
thrimlin-jockies e.York. (trembling), swaggering-grass Sussex,
wiggle-waggle Sussex, wigwag-wanton Buck., wigwagon, wagtails
Wilt., whackering-grass w.York. quake-grass Sussex,
quaker Lanc., quaker-grass York., ne.Lanc., Ches., Nhp., Wor.,
Berk., w.Som., cow-quakers, cow-quake Ches., Derby, Shrop., Nhp.,
w.York., earth-quakes Nhp., quakan-grass Nhb. shiver-grass Berk.,
Hamp., shivery-shakeries Wilt., shaker Ches., n.Linc., Shrop.,
Wilt., shaking-grass Shrop., s.Buck., Devon, shaky-grass Buck,
Devon (attributed to Populus tremula), hay-shakers Ches.,
silver-shakers Rxb., Dmf., Gall., silver-shakle Gall., lady-shake
w.York., lady's hair, ladies' hair Nhb., Linc., e.Anglia,
maid('s)-hair Nrf., I.Wight, fairy-grass Limerick,
nodding-Isabel Lanc., silver-ginglers Rxb., shimmy Wilt.,
Somer. (attributed to Calystegia sepium), suisilk Not. |
||
|
Bromus hordaceus |
|
Soft
Brome |
|
lob-grass Hamp., w.Som., lop-grass
Glouc., Hamp. (from the hanging spike; lob = to droop, especially of
leaves), haver-grass Cumb., duck-havver Cumb. (Germ. hafer
"oat"), erwuts Dorset (for "oats"),
bashaw-grass Buck., goose-grass Nhb., goose-corn Cumb.,
cock-grass Cumb., cock-head e. Anglia, Nfr., n. Suss.,
cock-and-hens Waterford, Nhb., Devon bull-grass Roxb., Nhb., blubber-grass
e.Anglia, bob-grass Wilt., Dorset, mouse-ear grass w.York.,
okrabung Shetl., Ork., |
||
|
Bromus secalinus |
|
|
|
droke York., drook Ches.,
drauk Nrf., drawk York., Ches., Nrf. (see Lolium temulentum),
cheat Linc., chess(grass), cheese-seed weed Hert., goose-corn Scot. |
||
|
Bryonia dioica |
|
White
Bryony |
|
hedge-grape Wor.,
jack-in-the-edge Hamp. (hedge), Canterbury-jack Kent, elphamy n.Cy.,
wild vine Ches., War., Hamp., wild hop York., hop Glouc.
(by confusion), wild cucumber War., poisoning-berries w.York., snake-berry
Suff., tetter-berry Hamp., perhaps because of the red
pimple-like (tetter) berries, ache Corn. (ache-mor bryony
root), cow's lick Nrf., murrain, murrain-berries Nrf.,
murrain-root Hamp. (the root). |
||
|
Buddleia globosa |
honey-ball |
Orange
Ball Tree |
|
Bunium bulbocastanum |
|
Great
Pignut |
|
earthnut Irel., Scot.,
England, aerthnut Som., arnot n.Irel., Scot., Clyde, arnut
Scot., Roxb., Ayr., n.Cy. Nhb., Westm., w.York., arrnut N.Irel.,
Antrim, Down, Donegal, aunut n.York., awnut n.Cy., earnit
Ayr., ernit sw.Scot., ernut Toxb., Dmf., yarnut n.Cy.,
w.York., n.Linc., Ches., n.Linc., yannut, yennet, e.York., yennut
n.York., yernut York., Ches., yethnut Ches., yownut, yonut
Westm., yearthnuts s.Lanc., yarnut Scot., Nhb., Lanc., Linc.,
hornic Scot., yowe-yonut, yowe-yornut, yower, ewer Cumb., gernut
n.Cy., York., hare-nut Wxf., w.York., e.Lanc., Dorset, vare-nut,
fare-nut, fern-nut Corn., gernut n.Cy., York., gennet York.,
jurnut n.Cy., Ches., Nhp., job-jurnal, jock-jurnals, jacky-jurnal Cumb.
(French gernotte, jarnotte < Norw. dial. jordnot,
literally "earth nut"), ground-nut Hert., Som., pig-nut
Scot., Ayr., n.Cy., Westm., York., Lanc., Ches., Derby, Not., Linc., Nhp.,
War., Shrop., Huntingdon, Midl., Suss., Suff., Essex., Wilt., Som., peg-nut
Midl., pig's nut w.Som., underground-nut nw.Devon. bad man’s bread York., devil's
oatmeal, devil's bread York., swine-bread Inverness, cat-nut York.,
gourlock Gall., gourlins Scot., curluns Gall.,
hornecks Scot., lousy-arnut Aberdeen, Perth, lucy-arnut
Fife, scabb-hands, scabbly-hands Cumb., killas, killimore, kelly Corn.
(see Umbelliferae), Cain-and-Abel w.Durham (?) |
||
|
Caesalpinia bonducella |
molluka Scot.,
crospunk Scot. "drifted to the shores of the western islands",
Virgin-Mary's nut w.Scot., |
Molucca
Bean |
|
Calamintha nepeta |
cat-mint York.,
dog-mint s.Pemb. |
Lesser
Calamint |
|
Calendula officinalis |
|
Marigold |
|
lady's purses Ches., Shrop.,
mally-gowl n.York., gool e.Suff., gollan(d) Nhb., m.York.,
lady-gold Derby (gowl, gollan = goul, gold, yellow |
||
|
Calluna vulgaris |
|
Heather |
|
besom |
||
|
Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea |
|
Heather,
|
|
ling Irel., Scot.,
and all counties down to Shrop. and e.Anglia; also given to other species
found in heathland, such as Empetrum, Carex, Nardus, Schoenus and
others; appears to be a collective name, somewhat synonym of
"heath" |
||
|
Caltha palustris |
|
Marsh
Marigold |
|
bull-buttercup Essex, bull-flower
Devon, bull's eye Dorset, Som., bull-dogs Devon,
butter-blob, butter-bleb York., yellow-blob Leic., moll-blob Nhp.,
Wor., molly-blob Nhp, may-blob w.York., Rutland, Leic., Nhp., War.,
Wilt., water-blobs w.York., n.Devon, Not., Leic., Rutland, Nmp., War.,
Oxf., water-bleb sw.Linc., Nhp., Wilt., Dorset, water-blubber
Glouc. may-blub, may-bubble Wilt., bublicans York.,
publican York., Oxf. (bleb = blister, bubble), may-flower
N.Irel., Londonderry, Donegal, sw.Cumb., Ches., Linc., w.Wor., Shrop., Nhp.,
War., Glouc., mere-blob Derby, mire-blob Nhp., mare-blob Derby
(OE mere "pond", French mare id.), horse-blob s.Not.,
Leic., Nhp., Wor., Surrey, horse-buttercup w.Som. (by folk etymology,
after mare-blob after "mare" understood as female horse instead of
"mire"), great buttercup s.Buck.,
king-cup Irel., Lanark, Fife, Perth, Hamp., sw.Cumb., York., Nhp., Buck.,
Nrf., Nhb., War., e.Anglia, Kent, Dorset, Essex, Sussex, Som., Devon,
king, king's cob Cumb., Nrf., Berk., Hert., Suff., water-goggles
Oxf., marsh-mallow n.York., Devon, buttercup Devon, butter-flower
Wilt., water-buttercup York., Oxf., Surr., Devon, johnny-cranes
Nhp., john-georges Buck. |
||
|
Calystegia sepium (see also Convolvulus arvensis) |
|
Larger
Bindweed |
|
withyvine Berk., wood-bind Suss., great
bindweed Ches., lily-bind w.York., sheep-bine Essex,
bithy-wine Dorset (for “vine”), devil’s garters Wxf., Pemb.,
devil’s gut Nrf. ne.Linc., knutsford-devil Ches.,
creeper Not., jack-run-in-the-country York., robin-run-a-hedge s.Lanc.,
Ches., Hamp., ground-ivy Devon, seven-year’s love Corn., nightcaps Linc., Wilt.,
granny's nightcap Wilt., old-man's nightcap Sussex,
grandmother's nightcap Sussex, lady's nightcap Hamp., Wilt.,
lady's smock e.York., Nhp., War., Sussex., Devon, Corn., hedge-bells I.Wight,
Cumb., bellvine (-), white-smock Devon, white lily sw.Cumb.,
harvest-lily Surrey, lily Wilt., Hamp., I.Wight (attributed to Fallopia
convolvulus), lily-flower Hamp. |
||
|
Calystegia soldanella |
scurvy-grass I.Wight, |
Sea
Bindweed |
|
Camelina sativa |
dutch-flax, cheat Nhp. |
Gold-of-pleasure |
|
Campanula persicifolia |
peach-bell |
Peach-leaved
|
|
Campanula glomerata |
dane's blood Cumb.(?),
see Dwarf Elder, star Wilt., |
Clustered
|
|
Campanula latifolia |
|
Giant
|
|
canterbury-bell Som., wild
spinach w.York (the young shoots are boiled and eaten; this species ?) |
||
|
Campanula medium |
gowk's hose |
|
|
Campanula pyramidalis |
steeple-bells |
Chimney
|
|
Campanula rotundifolia |
|
Harebell |
|
bluebell Ayr., Cumb.,
ne.York., Derby, s.Not., Hert., Dorset, Devon, blue-bottle Berw., blaver
Scot., Twd., Nhb., blawort Scot., Bnff., blaewort Aberd.,
blue-blauers, blue-blavers Roxb. hare-bell ne.York., w.Ches.,
Gall., Berw., Rnf., Perth, Aberdeen, heath-bell Nhp., witch-bells Scot.,
Fife, old-man’s bell ne Scotland, school-bell Wilt., thimble
n.Scot., Glouc., Wilt., thimels Lothian, gowk's thimles, gowk's
thumbles ne.Scot., Banff, lady's thimble Nhb., e.Anglia, w.Som.,
children of Israel Wilt. (a small garden variety) |
||
|
|
|
|
|
Campanula trachelium |
haskwort (-), halswort
(-) (Germ. halskraut - Wright
3: 77); Coventry-bells, Coventry-rape War. |
Nettle-leaved
|
|
Cannabis sativa |
|
Hemp |
|
hemp Scot., England,
femble Linc., e.Anglia, s.Cy., Sussex, fimble n.Linc., Essex,
Sussex (the female plant), seed-hemp, thistle-hemp n.Cy., Derby, Essex
(the female plant), carl-hemp Scot., Cumb., Linc., e.Anglia, s.Cy.,
Suff., carle-hemp Scot., n.Cy., e.Anglia, s.Cy. (the male
plant), spoots Cumb. (stalks used as candles), bunnel Cumb.,
w.York., Westm. (see bun in Plant parts), gallow-grass Suff.,
Som., neckweed n.Cy., n.York., e.Anglia, Saint Andre's lace,
bastard brother's badge (Wright
2: 544) |
||
|
Capsella bursa-pastoris |
|
Shepherd's
Purse |
|
pick-purse n.Cy., pick-pocket
Ches., Not., Nhp., Wor., Buck., Nrf., Essex, Kent, Sussex, Wilt. Som., |
||
|
Cardamine amara |
land-cress Ches.,
whitsunday |
Large
Bittercress |
|
Cardamine hirsuta |
land-cress w.Ches., War.,
Hamp., lamb-cress |
Hairy
Bittercress |
|
Cardamine pratensis |
|
Lady's
Smock |
|
lady's smock Ork., Banff, Dmf.,
York., Lanc., Ches., Derby, Linc., Leic., Nhp., Nhb.,War., Wor., Shrop.,
Radnor, Glouc., Hert., Suff., Surrey, Sussex, Hamp., Wilt., Som., Devon,
Corn., lady-flock Not., lady's glove Nhp., lady's milk-sile York.,
cuckoo Glouc., Devon "Every plant which has no other title was
called a cuckoo", Buck., Essex; cuckoo-flower Ireland, Nhb.,
York., Ches., Linc., Leic., War., Glouc., Suff., Surrey., Hamp., Wilt.,
Dorset, w.Som., Kent, Devon, water-cuckoo Wilt.. guckoo-buttons Som.,
cuckoo-pint Wilt., e.Sussex., Leic., cuckoo-pintle Leic.,
e.Sussex., cuckoo-spit n.Cy. cuckoo's shoes-and-stocking
s.Wales. meadow-flower Cumb.,
bog-flower n.York., pink, spink(s), bog-spink(s), Nhb., bird’s
eye Cumb., York., Shrop., gillyflower, Whitsuntide gillyflower Glouc.,
Dur., lamb-lakens Cumb., carsons sw.Scot. (French cresson
"cress"), meadow-kerses n.York., s.Pemb., laylock
Wilt. (lilac-colour), lucy-locket Derby, may-flower Nhb., w.York.,
Lanc., Ches., Hamp., nightingale-flower Hamp., Essex, pick-folly
Nhp., pig's eyes Essex, pigeon's eye n.York.,
smell-smock Nhp., War., Glouc., Oxf., Buck., Kent, Surrey, Sussex,
smick-smock Glouc., Oxf., Hamp., head-wark Cumb., pincushion Nhb.
(?),
shoes-and-stockings Buck. (?), lady-smock York., apple-pie York.,
Canterbury bells Nrf. (?), |
||
|
Carduus (acanthoides or tenuiflorus) |
fish-belly Cumb. (whitish
under-leaf) |
Welted
Thistle |
|
Carduus nutans |
Queen Anne's thrissel Berw. |
Nodding
Thistle |
|
Carex divisa |
|
Dived
Sedge |
|
hosk Pemb. (Welsh hesg
"sedge"), bog-reed Irel.; iron-grass Ches.
(attributed to Carex praecox) |
||
|
Carex echinata |
bruckles,
brochars-and-stars Scot. |
Star
Sedge |
|
Carex elata, C. paniculata |
|
Tufted
Sedge, Greater Tussock Sedge |
|
hassock Engl., Scot., hassack
Linc., Nhp., Pemb., hassick I.Wight, Buchan, Dorset, assock
s.Not., hussick Shetl, hossock n.York., hussock Gall.,
York., ne.Lanc, Nhp., hazzick Berk., huzzick, huzzock
s.Ches. > app. 2.7.8 tussock a tuft of coarse, a clump of sedge, hummock-grass
w.York. |
||
|
Carex hirta |
goose-grass w.Som. (?) |
Hairy
Sedge |
|
Carex, collective names |
|
Sedges |
|
shear-grass Scot., Nhb.,
w.York., Leic., Midl., War., share-grass Linc., share-tack n.Linc.
"a kind of coarse grass; a kind of sedge", hard-grass Staff.,
sour-grass Ayr., Lanark, moor-palm(s,) moor-paums n.Cy.,
York., carnation-grass Glouc., w.Sussex, Shrop., Staff., w.Som.,
chate Nrf., pry Scot., Roxb., Dmfr., Nhb., Cumb., Not., Essex,
prye Nhb., prie-grass Not., pink-grass Ches., pink-more Wilt.
"a rough grass in water-meadows which cattle refuse to eat"
(prob. a Carex sedge) |
||
|
Carlina acaulis |
ground-thistle War., Wor.,
pod-thistle Nhp. (?) |
Stemless
Carline Thistle |
|
Carpinus betulus |
|
Hornbeam |
|
hurst-beech |
||
|
Carum carvi |
caraway |
Caraway |
|
Castanea sativa |
french-nut |
Sweet
Chestnut |
|
Centaurea cyanus |
|
Corn-flower |
|
blaver, blaewort Nhb.,
blue-bottle York., n.Linc., Shrop., Oxf., Wilt., blue-buttons Staff.,
bluecap Hamp., Nhp., Kent, corn-binks Devon, corn-bottle, corn
blue-bottle Nhp., hawdod York., witch-bells n Cy.,
bachelor’s button York., Derby |
||
|
Centaurea montana, C.
cyanus, C. nigra, Knautia arvensis |
loggerhead Glouc., Oxf.,
n.Buck., Nhp., loggerums Wilt. (from their rounded heads; logger =
rounded things) |
Scabious,
Star-thistle, collective names |
|
Centaurea nigra |
|
Common
Knapweed |
|
bund-weed Scot., e.Anglia,
Nrf., bun-weed Suff. (see bun in Plant parts), clobweed Hert.,
cock-head n. Cy., Midl., hard-head Leic., Derby, n.Cy., Midl., Nhb.,
Cumb., w.York., ne.Lanc., Glouc., Ches., n.Linc., Wor., Shrop. (also
attributed to Scabiosa, Lychnis, Ranunculus and other species), horse-hardhead
knob-weed e.York., Nhp.,
n.Hert., knapweed (-) (knap = knob |
||
|
Centaurea scabiosa |
hard-head Glouc., great
horse-knobs York., bachelor’s button Glouc. (see Centaurea
nigra). |
Greater
Knapweed |
|
Centaurium erythraea |
braddock e York., earth-gall
w.Cy., bloodwort Shrop., gentian Suss., feverfew York.,
Ches. (see Tanacetum parthenium) |
Common
centaury |
|
Centranthus ruber |
|
Red
Valerian |
|
sweet-Mary Buck.,
sweet-betsy Kent, delicate-bess, bouncing-bess Devon,
drunken-sailor Devon, drunken-willy w.Som., good-neighbours Wilt.,
w.Som., good-neighbours-hood Glouc., Oxf., Wilt., cat-bed n.Linc.,
American lilac Devon, German lilac, German laylock n. Linc.,
ground-laylocks n.Linc., roguery Som., fox's bush Antrim,
matrimony e.Kent, red valerian (-), scarlet-lightning Huntingdon,
kiss-me, kiss-me-quick Wilt., Devon (?), lady-needlewort,
ladies' needlewort Wor. (?) |
||
|
|
|
|
|
Cerastium fontanum |
mouse-ear Scot., Lanark,
York., Shrop., |
Common
Mouse-ear |
|
Cerastium latifolium |
silver-moss War., |
Wide-leaved
Mouse-ear |
|
Cerastium tomentosum |
|
Dusty
Miller |
|
snow-in-harvest Leic., Wilt.,
w.Som., snow-on-the-mountain Som., seven-years-in-a-maze Devon,
seven-years-in-a-mist Nhp., dusty-miller dusty-milner Linc., dusty-husband
Ches., |
||
|
Ceterach officinarum |
rustyback Cumb. |
Rustyback |
|
Ceterach officinarum |
brown-back |
Rustyback |
|
Chaenorhinum minus |
jack-in-the-edge,
jack-by-the-edge Berk. (hedge) |
Small
Toadflax |
|
Chaerophyllum temulum |
cow-mumble Suff.,
cherril |
Rough
Chervil |
|
Chamaemelum nobile |
|
Chamomile |
|
camomine Scot., Lanc.,
Shrop., camoyine, camoine Scot., carmovine e.Lothian, camovine
n.Scot., kamumein Shrop., margon, morgan Sussex, Hamp., I.Wight > app. 1.5.1 |
||
|
Chamaepericlymenum suecicum |
honey-suckle n.York |
Dwarf
Cornel |
|
Chamomilla recutita |
devil's apple-riennie |
Scented
Mayweed |
|
Chelidonium majus |
|
Greater
Celandine |
|
kill-wart n.Devon,
wart-flower Devon, wart-weed Suff., wart-wort Glouc.,
Wilt., Shrop., Cumb., n.York., Derby, Ches., Devon, wart-grass Cumb.,
York., Glouc., Nrf., Suff., n.Essex, War., Linc., Derby, wret-weed Nrf.
("wart"), wart-weed Cumb., e.York., War., Glouc., Cambridge,
Nrf., Suff., Wilt., n.Essex (attributed to Euphorbia which also has a
latex, and to Gnaphalium uliginosum), yellow-spit Hamp.,
devil's milk York., witches’ flower Som., saladine Cumb.,
York., Ches., salladin Cumb., sallender w.York. (French célidoine,
from the scient. name Chelidonium, latinized form of Greek khelidon |
||
|
Chenopodium album |
|
Fat
Hen |
|
dirt-weed Linc., e.Angl., |
||
|
|
|
|
|
Chenopodium album, Ch. bonus-henricus, Atriplex hortensis |
midden-mylies n.Scot. (grows
on middens or dunghills), miles Irel., Scot., Ayr., Lanark,
Lothian, Rxb., Nhb., Cumb., mails Scot., meals, meols
Cumb., milds N.Irel., meldweed Scot. (Norw. dial. melde, meldestock
"Chenopodium album", Shetl. melda "weeds" |
goosefoot,
orache, collective names |
|
Chenopodium
bonus-henricus |
|
Good
King Henry |
|
wild spinach Midl., Bdf.
(attributed to Ch. album), Hamp., I.Wight, fat-hen n.York., Ches.,
Berk., Suff., Kent., Surrey (see Chenopodium album), mercury n.Cy.,
Cumb., Westm., e.York., mercury-dock Renfrew, marquery Linc.,
margery Linc., shoemaker's heel(s) Shrop., Radnor, cobbler's
head, cobbler's head Flint, cobbler's heel Flint, good-king-Harry,
-Henri Nhb., Cumb., good-neighbours-hood Wilt., Roman-plant n.Lanc.,
flowery-docken Nhb. (?) |
||
|
Chrysanthemum segetum |
|
Corn
Marigold |
|
gold Midl., Not., sw.Linc.,
Nhp., Bdf., s.Cy., Scot., goold Scot., gould Hert., goud Not.,
sw.Linc., goul Wor., Buck., Bdf., Sussex, gole e.Anglia, Suff.,
Essex, gool Scot., Cumb., Not., Linc., Nhp., Wor., Buck., Bdf., Hert.,
e.Anglia, Sussex, goel e.Anglia, Suff., Essex, gowle, gull
Cumb. guild(e), guile, gule Scot., gueel Aberdeen,
geal-gowan, gilgowan Irel., gill-gowan n.Irel., Ulster,
gowlan(d), gollan, golland goulan, gollin n.Cy., Nhb., n.York, Lanc.,
yellow-gold s.Cumb., yellow-gollan Caith., yellow-moon(s) War.,
Wor., Dorset, yellow-oxeye n.York., sun-flower Nhp. marigold Irel.,
York., Ches., Shrop., Kent, marygold n.York., w.Ches., Kent, field-marigold
Shrop., merrigo Kent, Mary-gowlan Nhb., marigoldins
Antrim, wild marigold Antrim, corn-marigold Cumb. (for ma botham, bothem, bothan Corn.,
bozzom, yellow-bozzum I. Wight, bottan Hamp., billy-button York.,
botherum Ches., Dorset, botherem Dorset, budland Nrf.,
butter-daisy Dorset, yellow-bottle n.York., Kent, yellow bossle
Berk., manelet Scot., thunder-daisy Som., Devon,
measle-flower Wilt., tansy Glouc. (see Tanacetum vulgare)
moon Nhp. (see Leucanthemum vulgare) |
||
|
Chrysanthemum sp. |
winter daisy |
|
|
Chrysocoma linosyris |
may-gowlin Westm. |
Goldilocks |
|
Chrysoplenium oppositifolium |
creeping-jenny |
Alternate-leaved
Golden Saxifrage |
|
Cicer arietinum |
caravanses, caravazas |
Haricot
bean |
|
Cichorium intybus |
bunks e.Anglia. |
Chicory |
|
Cicuta virosa |
|
Cowbane |
|
hemlock Scot., Nhb., Dur.,
York., Ches., Not., Linc., e.Anglia, homleck, homlick, whumlick Nhb., humleek
Nhb., sw.Linc., humlick n.Cy., Nhb., humly Rxb., humlock
Scot., Frf., Nhb., Dur., Cumb., York., s.Not., Linc., e.Anglia, humblock
s.Not., humloch, hummlock Rxb., humluck n.York. [OE hymlic,
hemlic, hymlict(e)]; prob. a collective name for Umbelliferae; in
Lanark "by the common people nearly all the Umbellate plants are called
hemlock" (in Wright),
hever Hrf. |
||
|
Circaea lutetiana |
dragon's root Down (?) |
Enchanter's
Nightshade |
|
Cirsium arvense |
|
Creeping
Thistle |
|
distel, deistle s.Pemb.,
disle Pemb., Som., Devon, Corn., dissel, diesel Corn.,
dysel, disell, dickle Devon, dicel, dishel Devon, Corn.,
dashel(l) Som., Devon, dashle w.Som., nw.Devon, dassel, dastel,
dazzle Devon, thistle Scot., England, thizzle I.Wight, sissel
Sussex, teasel (-) (Germ. distel). pig-leaves n.Cy., York. |
||
|
Cirsium eriophorum |
friar's crown-thistle Glouc.,
pincushion War. (head of large thistle) |
Woolly
Thistle |
|
Cirsium palustre |
bog-thrissle Nhb.,
moss-thistle Gall., water-thistle Cumb., red-thistle |
Marsh
Thistle |
|
Cirsium vulgare |
|
Spear
Thistle |
|
bur-thistle Ayres., Cumb.,
York., nw.Derby, boar-thistle Ches., sw.Linc., Staff., Wor., Shrop.,
Berw., Hert., e.Anglia, Kent, Hamp., Som., boar-distle w.Som.,
bo-fissle Ches., bore-thistle Kent, bo-thistle Ches.,
bow-fistle Cumb., bull-thistle n.Irel., Dorset, w.Som.,
bell-thistle York., War., thistle-burr w.York. (thistle head),
bird-thistle Wor. (for burr), thistle-top Dmf. (the
downy head), horse-thristle Gall., quat-vessel Hamp. (also
C. pratense), guckoo-buttons w.Som., cuckoo-buttons w.Som.,
n.Devon, cheese Dmf. (the receptacle) |
||
|
Cistus ladanifer |
day-flower n.Linc. |
Crimson
Spot Rockrose, Bog Cistus |
|
Citrus aurantium |
oranger Scot., origin
Shetl. |
|
|
Cladium mariscus |
|
Great
Fen-sedge |
|
cut-grass, cut-sedge,
cut-throat w.York. (also attributed to Glyceria maxima and Eriophorum
angustifolium; Cladium is the plant with sharp leaves ),
sword-gras Ches., Linc. "a coarse sedge" |
||
|
Clematis vitalba |
|
Traveller's
Joy |
|
bithy-wine Wilt., Dorset, bellywind
Hamp. (for “vine”), bethwine Glouc., Sussex, Hamp., bedwine Berk.,
Hamp., I.Wight, Wilt., Dorset, bedwind War., Glouc., Wilt. (to wind), by-the-wind
Wilt., withywind, willow-wind, Glouc. (see Calystegia sepium),
love, love-bind, bullbird, bethwin, bindwith (-), bull-bine Hert.,
Hamp. (see also Convolvulus), skipping-ropes Wilt. climbers grey-beard Wilt., Hamp.,
Devon, granfer’s-beard Wilt., old-man Devon, Sussex,
dad's whiskers Wilt., old man’s woozard s.Buck., old man's
beard Gall., Nhp., War., Glouc., Oxf., Buck., Hert., Huntingdon, Suff.,
Kent, Sussex, Wilt., Dorset, Som., Devon, Corn., old-man's woozard s.Buck.,
silver-bush Jersey, snow-in-summer Wilt., snow-in-harvest Nhp.,
maid('s)-hair Buck., honey-stick, honesty Lakeland, w.York. War.,
Wor., Hrf., Glouc., Oxf., Berk., Cumb., Nrf., n.Essex, maiden's honesty Wilt.,
hedge-feathers w.York., robinhood's feather, -fetter Cumb. traveller’s joy (so called
because the traveller knows he is approaching a village when he sees the
hedges covered with this plant). smoking-cane Hert., |
||
|
Cnicus benedictus |
Virgin-Mary's thistle Suff., Hamp.
(see Milk Thistle) |
Blessed
Thistle, Thistle (Holy) |
|
Cochlearia officinalis |
scrooby-grass Scot., n.Cy.,
w.York, scurvy-grass, bad man('s) oatmeal |
Common
Scurvy-grass |
|
Cocos nucifera |
monkey-nut e.Suff. |
Coconut |
|
Colchicum autumnale |
|
Autumn
Crocus |
|
wild crocus Dorset,
meadow-crocus York., michaelmas-crocus Wilt., kite-leg e.Kent,
naked-boy Hrf., Nrf., Wilt., star-naked boys Nrf. (the flowering
plant has no leaves), ramson n.York. (by confusion, see Allium
ursinum). |
||
|
Conium maculatum |
|
Hemlock |
|
bad man(‘s) oatmeal Nhb., Durham,
York., dead-man's oatmeal Nhb., break-your-mothers’s-head Dorset,
hech-how Scot. (N.Irel. ha-ho for Anthriscus sylvestris),
bunk Nrf., Suff., koush Lanc., Linc. (see Umbelliferae) |
||
|
Conopodium majus |
kipper-nut |
Pignut |
|
Consolida regalis |
lark-heels Nhp. (prob. a
transl. of French pied-d'alouette), jacob's ladder | |