PLANT NAMES FROM WRIGHT'S ENGLISH

DIALECT DICTIONARY

This a compilation of plant names published in the following work:

Wright, Joseph, 1898-1905. The English dialect dictionary. Oxford University Press. London. 6 vol.

The first part includes all plants, native, cultivated or introduced in the British Isles as well as superior fungi and alga, mosses, liverworts and lichens.

A second part lists the names of plant life and plant parts.

In the appendices can be found the cognates of a certain number of plant names, assembled under a common root.

The English and the scientific names are from the following books:

Blamey, Marjorie & Christopher Grey-Wilson, 1989. The illustrated flora of Britain and northern Europe. Hodder & Stoughton, London.

Rose, Francis, 1989. Colour identification guide to the grasses, sedges, rushes and ferns of the British Isles and north-western Europe. Penguin Group, London.

Names not found in Wright's dictionary are from the preceding two books, or from  Grieve.

Very often the names have been applied to similar species which are not differentiated by non-botanists. Since there are some 30 species of roses and over 50 species of dandelions, the names for "dandelion" are assembled under the Common Dandelion Taraxacum officinale, and those for "wild rose" are assembled under the the Dog Rose Rosa canina.

Due to the diffulty of identification and imprecise descriptions by witnesses, a certain number of names have been erroneously applied. Such errors are most evident when the species named does not have the character implied by the name. When applied to a species other than the original, the name loses its semantic value. *ex....

Uncertain attributions are followed by a question mark (?).

Many names have been attributed to the Greater Stitchwort Stellaria holostea, an inconspicuous plant without any medicinal use, while the Common Chickweed  Stellaria media a very common and widespread garden pest seems to have been forgotten. In the same way, the Heath Rush Juncus squarrosus is often cited, but the Sharp-flowered Rush Juncus articulatus, the commonest species is hardly mentioned.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Grieve, M. 1976 (Edited and introduced by C.F. Leyel). A modern herbal. Penguin Books (first published 1936).

Blamey, Marjorie & Christopher Grey-Wilson, 1989. The illustrated flora of Britain and northern Europe. Hodder & Stoughton, London.

Klein, Ernest, 1971. A comprehensive etymological dictionary of the English language. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Oxford, New York.

Mabberley, D.J., C.E. Jarvis, and B.E. Juniper, 2001. The name of the apple. Telopea 9 (2): 421-430. (Nomenclature of the orchard apple).

Rose, Francis, 1989. Colour identification guide to the grasses, rushes and ferns of the British Isles and north-western Europe. Penguin, London.

Pearsall, Judy & Bill Trumble, 2001. The Oxford English reference dictionary. Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York.

Stubbs, F.B., 1986. Provisional keys to British plant galls. British Plant Gall Society.

Wright, Joseph, 1898-1905. The English dialect dictionary. London. 6 vol. Reprinted 1970.

ABBREVIATIONS

App. appendix

AS: Anglo-Saxon

dial. dialectal

I. Island

n.Irel. northern Ireland

N.Irel. (political)

prob. probably

reg.: regional, in preference to dialectal

sp. species unidentified

spp. several species of the genus

subsp. subspecies

transl. translation

var., in scientific names: variety

(-) no locality attested, prob. England; often the botanical name of the species

(?) = doubtful attribution

SYNONYMS OF SCIENTIFIC NAMES

Following scientific research, botanical nomenclature has changed considerably in the last century. The following is a list of 272 names used at the time of Wright, now considered as synonyms:

Achillea arvensis = Achillea millefolium

Adiantum nigrum = Adiantum capillus-veneris

Adonis autumnalis = Adonis annua

Agropyron repens = Elitrygia repens

Agrostis alba = Agrostis gigantea

Agrostis filiformis = Agrostis capillaris

Agrostis setacea = Agrostis curtisii

Agrostis vulgaris = Agrostis capillaris

Aira cespitosa = Deschampsia cespitosa

Alchemilla arvensis = Aphanes arvensis

Alliaria officinalis = Alliaria petiolata

Allium porrum = Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum

Allosurus crispus = Cryptogramma crispa

Alopecurus agrestis = Alopecurus myosuroides

Aloysia citriodora = Aloysia triphylla

Alyssum maritimum = Lobularia maritima

Ampelopsis hederacea = Parthenocissus quinquefolia

Anacharis alsinastrum = Elodea canadensis

Anchusa sempervirens = Pentaglottis sempervirens

Anemone hepatica = Hepatica nobilis

Anemone pulsatilla = Pulsatilla vulgaris

Antennaria margaritacea = Anaphalis margaritacea

Anthemis nobilis = Chamaemelum nobile

Anthriscus podagraria = Aegopodium podagraria

Anthyllis vulgaris = Anthyllis vulneraria subsp. vulgaris

Apargia autumnalis = Leontodon autumnalis

Arabis albida = Arabis caucasica

Arabis deltoide = Aubretia deltoides

Araucaria imbricata = Araucaria araucana

Arenaria maritima = Spergularia media

Armeria vulgaris = Armeria maritima

Arrhenaterum avenaceus = Arrhenatherum elatius

Artemisia argentea = Artemisia absinthium

Arundo phragmites = Phragmites australis

Asafoetida narthex = Ferula narthex

Asperula odorata = Galium odoratum

Aspidium aculeatum = Polystichum aculeatum

Aspidium oreopteris = Oreopteris limbosperma

Asplenium adiantum-nigrum = Adiantum capillus-veneris

Asplenium ceterach = Ceterach officinarum

Asplenium scolopendrium = Phyllitis scolopendrium

Atriplex hastata = Atriplex prostrata

Auricula ursi = Primula auricula

Avena elatior = Arrhenatherum elatior

Avena nuda = Avena sativa

Avena orientalis = Avena sativa

Barbarea praecox = Barbarea verna

Bartsia odontites = Odontites verna

Bartsia viscosa = Parentucellia viscosa

Berula angustifolia = Berula erecta

Betula alba = Betula pendula

Blechnum boreale = Blechnum spicant

Borago orientalis = Trachystemon orientalis

Brassica campestris (turnip) = Brassica rapa subsp. campestris

Brassica campestris (rutabaga) = Brassica napus subsp. rapifera var. napobrassica

Brassica fimbriata = Brassica oleracea var. acephala

Brassica sylvestris = Brassica oleracea

Bromus mollis = Bromus hordaceus

Bunium flexuosum = Bunium bulbocastanum

Caesalpinia bonducella = Caesalpinia bonduc

Calamagrostis variegata = Phalaris arundinacea var. variegata

Calamantha acinos = Acinos arvensis

Calamintha officinalis = Calamintha nepeta

Calla aethiopica = Zantedeschia aethiopica

Campanula hybrida = Legousia hybrida

Carduus acaulis = Carlina acaulis

Carduus arvensis = Cirsium arvense

Carduus benedictus = Cnicus benedictus

Carduus eriophorus = Cirsium eriophorum

Carduus lanceolatus = Cirsium vulgare

Carduus palustris = Cirsium palustre

Carduus heterophyllus = Carduus acanthoides

Carduus lanceolatus = Cirsium vulgare

Carduus marianus = Sylibum marianum

Carduus palustris = Cirsium palustre

Carex glauca = Carex flacca

Castanea vesca = Castanea sativa

Centaurium perfoliatum = Blackstonia perfoliata

Centaurium umbellatum = Centaurium erythraea

Cerastium vulgatum = Cerastium fontanum

Cerasus laurocerasus = Prunus laurocerasus

Cerastium triviale = Cerastium fontanum

Chaerophyllum sylvestre = Anthriscus sylvestris

Cheiranthus cheiri = Erysimum cheiri

Chlora perfoliata = Blackstonia perfoliata

Chrysanthemum leucanthemum = Leucanthemum vulgare

Chrysanthemum sinense = Dendrathema hybrids

Chrysanthemum vulgare = Tanacetum vulgare

Cochlearia armoracia = Armoracia rusticana

Comarum palustre = Potentilla palustris

Conopodium denudatum = Conopodium majus

Convolvulus sepium = Calystegia sepium

Convolvulus soldanella = Calystegia soldanella

Corchorus japonicus = Kerria japonica

Cotyledon umbilicus = Umbilicus rupestris

Crataegus pyracantha = Pyrancantha coccinea

Cratageus oxyacantha = Crataegus laevigata

Crocus albiflorus = Crocus vernus

Cuscuta trifolii = Cuscuta epithymum

Cyclamen europaeum = Cyclamen purpurascens

Cytisus laburnum = Laburnum anagyroides

Delphinium consolida = Consolida regalis

Dianthus caesius = Dianthus gratianopolitanus

Dielytra spectabilis = Dicentra spectabilis

Dipsacus sylvestris = Dipsacus fullonum

Draba verna = Erophila verna

Equisetum limosum = Equisetum fluviatile

Erica hibernica = Daboecia cantabrica

Ervum hirsutum = Vicia hirsuta

Erysimum alliaria = Alliaria petiolata

Erythraea centaurium = Centaurium erythraea

Euphrasia officinalis = Euphrasia rostkoviana

Festuca sylvatica = Brachypodium sylvaticum

Filago germanica = Filago vulgaris

Francoa ramosa = Francoa sonchifolia

Fucus digitatus = Laminaria digitata

Fucus esculentus = Alaria esculenta

Galeopsis versicolor = Galeopsis speciosa

Galium cruciata = Cruciata laevipes

Genista tinctoria = Isatis tinctoria

Geranium striatum = Geranium versicolor

Glaucium luteum = Glaucium flavum

Glyceria aquatica = Glyceria maxima

Gnaphalium dioicum = Antennaria dioica

Gnaphalium sylvaticum = Omalotheca sylvatica

Halymenia palmata = Fucus palmatus

Habenaria chlorantha = Platanthera chlorantha

Helianthemum vulgare = Helianthemum nummularium

Heliotropium peruvianum = Heliotropium arborescens

Helminthia echioides = Picris echioides

Helosciadium nodiflorum = Apium nodiflorum

Hordeum maritimum = Hordeum marinum

Hordeum pratense = Hordeum secalinum

Houstonia caerulea = Hedyotis caerulea

Hydrangea hortensis = Hydrangea macrophylla

Hypericum quandrangulum = Hypericum tetrapterum

Imperatoria ostruthium = Peucedanum ostruthium

Inula dysenterica = Pulicaria dysenterica

Iris xiphoides = Iris latifolia

Jateorhiza palmata = Jateorhiza calumba

Juncus glaucus = Juncus inflexus

Juncus lamprocarpus = Juncus articulatus

Koenigia maritima = Koenigia islandica

Larix europaea = Larix decidua

Lastrea filix-mas = Dryopteris filix-mas

Lathyrus macrorrhizus = Lathyrus linifolius

Lavandula vera = Lavandula angustifolia

Leontodon taraxacum = Taraxacum officinale

Linaria cymbalaria = Cymbalaria muralis

Linaria minor = Chaenorhinum minus

Lolium italicum = Lolium multiflorum

Lunaria biennis = Lunaria annua

Lychnis coronaria = Silene coronaria

Lychnis dioica = Silene dioica

Lychnis diurna = Silene latifolia

Lychnis githago = Agrostemma githago

Lychnis latifolia = Silene latifolia

Lychnis vespertina = Silena latifolia

Lychnis viscaria = Silene viscaria

Lychnis viscosa = Silene viscaria

Lycopodium selago = Huperzia selago

Matricaria chamomilla = Chamomilla recutita

Matricaria inodora = Matricaria perforata

Matricaria parthenium = Tanacetum parthenium

Medicago maculata = Madicago arabica

Melilotus caeruleus = Trigonella caerulea

Mentha hirsuta = Mentha aquatica

Mentha rotundifolia = Mentha suaveolens

Mentha viridis = Mentha spicata

Myosotis palustris = Myosotis scorpioides

Myosurus agrestis = Myosurus myosuroides

Narcissus biflorus = Narcissus x medioluteus

Nepeta glechoma = Glechoma hederacea

Nephrodium cristatum = Dryopteris cristata

Nephrodium filix-mas = Dryopteris filix-mas

Nephrodium oreopteris = Oreopteris limbosperma

Nephrodium thelypteris = Thelypteris palustris

Onobrychis sativa = Onobrychis viciifolia

Ononis arvensis = Ononis spinosa

Ononis campestris = Ononis spinosa

Ononis repens = Ononis spinosa

Orchis latifolia = Dactylorhiza maialis

Orchis maculata = Dactylorhiza maculata

Orobus tuberosus = Lathyrus linifolius

Oxyacantha crataegus = Crataegus laevigata

Paeonia officinalis = Paeonia, cultivars

Palmaria palmata = Fucus palmatus

Petasites vulgaris = Petasites hybridus

Peucedanum sativum = Pastinaca sativa

Peziza coccinea = Sarcoscypha coccinea

Peziza cochleata = Otidea cochleata

Phaseolus multiflorum var. coccinea = Phaseolus coccineus

Phellandrium aquaticum = Oenanthe aquatica

Phlox acutifolium = Phlox paniculata var. acutifolium

Phytolacca decandra = Phytolacca acinos

Poa aquatica = Glyceria maxima

Polyanthus vulgaris = Primula "polyanthus" (a hybrid primrose)

Polygonum convolvulus = Fallopia convolvulus

Polygonum fagopyrum = Fagopyron esculentum

Potentilla fragariastrum = Potentilla sterilis

Potentilla tormentilla = Potentilla erecta

Primula variabilis = Primula elatior

Prunus insititia = Prunus domestica var. insititia

Psamma arenaria = Ammophila arenaria

Pteridium filix-mas = Dryopteris filix-mas

Pteris aquilina = Pteridium aquilinum

Pyrus aria = Sorbus aria

Pyrus aucuparia = Sorbus aucuparia

Pyrus communis = Malus pyrus

Pyrus cydonia = Cydonum cotoneum

Pyrus domestica = Malus pyrus

Pyrus japonica = Malus pyrifolia

Pyrus malus (crab-apple) = Malus sylvestris

Pyrus malus (cultivated apple-tree) = Malus pumila

Pyrus scandica = Sorbus intermedia

Pyrus torminalis = Sorbus torminalis

Quercus robus var. sessiliflora = Quercus petraea

Quercus sessiliflora = Quercus petraea

Quercus sessilis = Quercus petraea

Rhamnus frangula = Frangula alnus

Rhinanthus crista-galli = Rhinanthus angustifolius

Ribes grossularia = Ribes uva-crispa

Rosa spinosissima = Rosa pimpinellifolia

Rumex aquatica = Rumex hydrolapathum

Salicornia herbacea = Salicornia europaea

Salix amygdalina = Salix triandra

Sambucus pubens = Sambucus racemosa

Salix rubra = Salix purpurea

Sarcoscypha coccinea = Sarcoscypha austriaca

Sarothamnus scoparius = Cytisus scoparius

Saxifraga sarmentosa = Saxifraga stolonifera

Scabiosa arvensis = Knautia arvensis

Scabiosa succisa = Succisa pratensis

Scirpus maritimus = Bolboschoenus maritimus

Scirpus cespitosus = Trichophorum cespitosum

Scirpus lacustris = Schoenoplectus lacustris

Scirpus palustris = Eleocharis palustris

Scolopendrium vulgare = Phillitis scolopendrium

Scrophularia aquatica = Scrophularia auriculata

Sedum glaucum = Sedum hispanicum

Sedum reflexum = Sedum rupestre

Senebiera coronopus = Coronopus squamatus

Serratula arvensis = Cirsium arvense

Silene cucubalus = Silene vulgaris

Silene inflata = Silene vulgaris

Silene maritima = Silene uniflora

Sium angustifolium = Berula erecta

Sium nodiflorum = Apium nodiflorum

Sparganium ramosum = Sparganium erectum

Spiraea filipendula = Filipendula ulmaria

Spiranthes autumnalis = Spiranthes spiralis

Stachys lanata = Stachys byzantina

Sticta pulmonaria = Pulmonaria longifolia

Symphoricarpos racemosus = Symphoricarpos rivularis

Tanacetum parthenium = Tanacetum parthenium

Taraxacum dens-leonis = Taraxacum officinale

Torilis anthriscus = Torilis japonica

Tilia parvifolia = Tilia cordata

Trichomanes radicans = Trichomanes speciosum

Trifolium minus = Trifolium dubium

Trifolium procumbens = Trifolium campestre

Triticum caninum = Elymus caninus

Triticum junceum = Elymus farctus

Triticum repens = Elitrygia repens

Tritoma uvaria = Kniphofia uvaria

Tropaeolum canariense = Tropaeolum peregrinum

Ulex nanus = Ulex minor

Ulmus montana = Ulmus glabra

Valerianella olitoria = Valerianella locusta

Vallota purpurea = Cyrtanthus speciosus

Viola mariana = Campanula trachelium

Viola sylvestris, V. sylvatica = Viola reichenbachiana

THE DIALECTAL NAMES

In the left column: scientific names in bold characters. In the right column the English names.

Arrows refer to appendices.

Abies alba		Silver Fir
fir Scot., England, fur Cumb., e.York., vir n.Cy. (Dan. fyr, Sw. fure, Germ föhre), candle-fir Elgin, Aberdeen (the wood used for lighting purposes) The cones: apple Linc., Wor., deal-apple e.Anglia, fir-apple nw. Cumb., Linc., Sussex, Hmp (the cone), chat York., n.Linc. (id.) cave Hamp., fir-apple Dur., Cumb., Westm., York., I.Wight., Nhp., Leic., Berk., e.Suff., Sussex, Hamp., fir-bull Shrop. (the cones of conifers (Pinus sylvestris, Abies alba)  app. 2.1
Acer campestre		Field Maple
maplin-tree Glouc., dog-oak York., Not., cat-oak w.York., oak Devon, locks-and-keys n.Linc., Devon (the seed vessels), shackles Devon (the seeds) see Rhinanthus; peacock's tail Hert., whitty-bushes Shrop. (?)
Acer pseudoplatanus		Sycamore
maple s.Cumb., England, may, may-tree Corn., share w.Cy., segumber Devon, seggy e.York., horse-shoe Wilt., whistle-wood Selk., n.Cy., Nhb. (see Salix) The winged seeds: cats-and-keys Devon, locks-and-keys n.Linc., Cumb., Nrf., n.Essex, knives-and-forks Kent, cock-and-hens n. Cy. ("leaf beds" = the winged seeds)
Achillea millefolium		Yarrow
yarrel Suff., yallow Lanc., yock-yall, york-yall Linc., yarra-grass Essex, yarroway e.Angl., yarwe OE, gearwe AS, prob. from yar (York., Lanc.) acid, sour; hurr (Linc., Kent., Sussex) tart, astringent, rough-tasting; stanch-grass Aberd. ("stink grass") thousand-leaf Ches., Lanc., thousand-leaf grass Staff., thousand-leaved clover Berw., Rxb., Nhb., milfoil (-) (French mille-feuilles), hundred-leaved grass Nhb.  green-arrow Suff., stop-blood s.Pemb., nose-bleed Hamp., devil's nettle Ches., breakstone-parsley Staff., hemming-and-sewing Hamp., old-man's mustard Linc. (for moustache), traveller's ease Wilt., betsey Kent, wild pepper Nhb., cammock Devon (see Ononis natrix), tansy Ches. (= prob. Tanacetum vulgare)
Achillea ptarmica		Sneezewort
love-entangled, seven-years-love Devon, seven-year's love Glouc., w.Som., Devon, bachelor’s button Nhp., moolery-tea Caith., goose-tongue w.York., Nhp., War., Shrop., white-weed Antrim, fair-maid-of-France Midl. (a cultivated variety), bastard pellatory
Achillea serrata	sweet-mace Not., mace (-) (yarrow has a strong odour)	Alps Yarrow
Acinos arvensis	mother-of-thyme Som.,	Basil-thyme
Aconitum napellus		Monkshood
monk's cowl Shrop., monk-wood Ches., masterwort (-), monkey('s) hood Devon, pope's ode Nhp. (hood), grandmother's bonnet Som., granny’s nightcap Suff., grandmother's nightcap n.York., Ches., Nrf., Kent, old-granny's nightcap Oxf., auld-wife-hud, old-wife's huid Cumb. (hood), old-woman's nightcap n.York., Oxf., s.Buck., old-woman n.Linc., friar's-caps Devon, soldier('s) cap Nhp., Turk's cap Nhp., Som., cuckoo's cap Ches., Shrop., cuckold's cap Cumb., Nrf., n.Essex app. 2.3; curly-murly-nightcap Gall. captain-over-the-garden n.York., dove-flower Berk., Venus'-doves Devon, Venus'-chariot-drawn-by-doves Berk., Essex, Noahs-ark Glamorgan, Jacob's chariot Essex, horses-and-cariages Hamp., bulls-and wheys n.Westm., adam-and-eve Norf “on lifting the hood of the flower, the upper petals appear as two little figures”, face-in-hood Nrf., boots-and-shoes Corn., barfut w.Wor., bear's foot Not., Nhb., Hamp. (attributed to Alchemilla vulgaris and Helleborus), luckie's mutch Lanark, cat-tail Shrop., wolf's bane (-)
Acorus calamus	sweet rush War., sweet-seg s.Cy., sweet-flag Ches.	Sweet Flag
Adiantum capillus-veneris		Maiden-hair Fern
fairy-fern w.Irel., dudder-grass Nrf., lady-anthrer-grerninum Hamp., black-spem Hamp. (for “sperm”; so named from its blackish spores)
Adonis aestivalis	rose-ruby (-)	Summer Pheasant's-eye
Adonis annua	jack-in-the-green Wilt., love-lies-bleeding Glouc.	Pheasant's-eye
Adoxa moschatellina	musk-weed w.York., town-hall clock Cumb., good-friday flower Dorset	Moschatel
Aegopodium podagraria		Ground Elder
ash-weed Wilt., w.Som. “from its casual resemblance to the leaf of the ash”, ground ash Ches., Linc., War., sweet ash Som., wild ash Cumb., white-ash Som., ground-elder Hamp., War.,Wor., sw.Linc., I.Wight, wild elder Buck., wild alder Linc., wild esh nw.Cumb., Dutch-elder Wilt., dog-eller Ches., dwarf-elder Hamp. (= prob. Sambucus ebulus), bishop-weed Scotland, bishop’s weed n.Irel., Dorset, jump-about War., Oxf., jack-jump-about Nhp., War., Hert., garden plague Antrim, gout-weed (-)
Aesculus hippocastanum		Horse Chestnut
conker Ches., s.Not., s.Linc., Oxf., Wilt., Som. "So called by the boys, who bore holes through them and hang them on pieces of string, and then challenge one another to try which can break the other's conquer by striking it with his own" (in Wright) app. 2.4; hoblionker Wor., Hrf. Radnor (the fruit), oblionker-tree Wor., Glouc. (hoblionker is a game played with horse-chestnut threaded on a string; apparently from hobble "shake, dandle, toss", and conker the horse-chestnut), towtree Hrf., bongy, bongay Suff., cob Surrey, cobbler Staff., Wor., also a round pebble, a small round lump (of coal etc.), pig-nut Som., lamb Devon (the flower)
Aethusa cynapium	fool's parsley Bnff., Ches., Rutland, w.Cy.	Fool's Parsley
Agrimonia eupatoria	haemony Glouc. (from the scient. name), rat-tail Dur., harvest-lice Hamp.	Agrimony
Agrostemma githago		Corn Cockle
popple Irel., Scot., Nhb., Cumb., York., Linc., e.Anglia, poppel N.Irel., papple Scot., poppy Ches. (the seed; popple = also pebble, cobble), sea-pink N.Irel.,
Agrostemma githago		Corncockle
cokeweed Scot., cockweed (-), cock's caim Lanark (comb), corn-cockle n.York., Glouc., Essex, Dorset, Suff. app. 2.3; corn-pink Nhp., corn-flower Ches., campion "perh. from obs. campion, transl. of Greek lukhnis stephanōmatikē a plant used for (champion's) garlands" Oxf. Dict., calourie Scot.: Renfrew
Agrostis capillaris		Common Bent-grass
bent n.York., bent-grass Nhb., Cumb., Westm., black-squitch War., fine-bent n.Cy., fine-john Ches., monkey's grass Sussex, dun-john Ches. (Agrostis sp.), bread-and-cheese Sussex (?)
Agrostis curtisii	rabbit's grass, deer's foot grass I.Wight,	Bristle Bent-grass
Agrostis gigantea	marsh-bent Ayr., Sussex, marsh-grass Banff.	Black Bent-grass
Agrostis stolonifera		Creeping Bent-grass
water-twitch Cumb., running-twitch Midl., fiorin-grass Irel., black-couch, couchy-black Wilt., black-grass Essex, couchy-bent Irel. (see Elitrygia repens), quitch Glamorgan (see Elitrygia repens), orcheston-grass Wilt. (also Poa trivialis), red-robin Wilt., Dorset, Devon (?)
Aira caryophyllea	silver-hair Banff,	Silver Hair-grass
Ajuga reptans		Bugle
wood-betony Irel., herb-flower Dorset, blind-man’s hand Hamp., babies’ shoes Wilt., dead-men's bellows Nhb.
Alcea rosea	hollyhock (-) (for hock, see Malva sylvestris)	Hollyhock
Alisma plantago-aquatica	devil's spoon Scot. (also attributed improperly to Potamogeton natans)	Common Water-plantain
Alium sativum	country-man's treacle Corn.	Garlic
Alliaria petiolata		Garlic Mustard
hedge-garlick Cumb., jack-in-the-edge I.Wight, Dorset, n.Linc., Hert., Leic. (hedge), jack-of-the-hedge Ches., jack-by-the-edge n.York. w.Ches., Merioneth, Sussex, Devon, jack-by-the-edge-side Dorset, jack-run-along-the-edge Wilt., jack-in-the-bush Glouc., beggar-man’s oatmeal Leic., penny-hedge, penny-in-the-hedge War., Nrf., poor man's mustard Linc., lamb's pummy Som.
Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum	leek Scot., Nhb., Nhp., Som., London, scallion Rxb., York., Corn. (see Allium ascalonicum)	Leek
Allium ascalonicum		Shallot
seibow, sibow, syboe, sybow, sebow, seybie, seybo, seybow, sibba Scot., sybo Scot., Nhb., sybee Nhb. (Ofr. chibole, from Spanish cebolla, Ital. cipolla "onion"  app. 2.7.1), see also onion scallion Scot., England, Irel., skallion Lanc., scullion Corn., skellion Cumb. (O.French eschalogne), shallot (French échalotte) (bulb formed with scales)
Allium cepa var. cepa		Onion
ownion Devon, einyun s.War., inion Nhb., Leic., Nhp., Shrop., Hert., London, e.Anglia, Hamp., iniun Hamp., injen, injyen, innon London, inin Glouc., n.Wilt., Som., innin, innion Glouc., inon Nhp., War., s.Wor., Hrf., Glouc., Berk., Hamp., I.Wight, Wilt., Dorset, inun se.Wor., inyan w.Irel., inian Devon, inyon Ches., Corn., unjun n.Linc., ingyun e.Suff., ingun Fife, ne.Kent, w.Som., e.Corn., ingon Aberd., Kent, Hamp., ingin Frf., Rnf., Devon, inggon London, ingeon Devon, ingen Nrf., ingan Banff, Aberd., Perth, Ayr., Lanark, Edinb., Selk., hingin Devon (French oignon) chibbole War., Wor., Glouc., Oxf., I.Wight, Wilt., Dorset, Som., Devon, Corn., chibbal War., s.Wor., Corn., chibbel I.Wight, chibble Oxf., Devon, cribbles Wilt. (prob. a typo for chibbles), chivvels Herf., Hamp., Corn., chiboal w.Som., chipple Wilt., Dorset, gibble Glamorgan, Glouc., Wilt., Dorset, Som., gibbal Glamorgan, gibbol Glouc., Som., gibbole Dorset, jibbal Glouc., gibbel Som. (young onion with the green stalk attached) (OF chibole)  app. 2.7.1; bullneck Scot., War. "an onion that does not form a bulb but grows somewhat like a leek", scallion Scot., England, Irel. "an onion with an undeveloped bulb, and various stages of the plant" see Wright.
Allium fistulosum	holleke (16^th century),	Welsh onion
Allium sativum		Garlic
porret York., Hrf., pouret(t), purrit Hrf., poor man's treacle Ches., churles' treacle Ches. (regarded as a treacle or antidote to the bite of venomous animals), clow Scot. (one of the lamina of a head of garlic; = clove)
Allium schoenoprasum	cives Corn., chive Nhb., sives (-), sye Scot. French cive)	Chives
Allium scorodoprasum	sand-tines w.York.	Sand Leek
Allium ursinum		Garlic
garlick Irel., Ches., War., Glouc., Surrey, I.Wight, wild garlic Ches., War., Wor., Glouc., Surrey., Devon, garlick-wild Ches., War., Glouc., Surrey (OE gārleac, from gār spear, and lēac leek - Oxford Dict.), wild leek Nhb., gipsy-onion(s) s.Cy., I. Wight, ram York., rame Pemb., rams n&w.York., ramsh Perth, ramp n.York., ne.Lanc., ramps Irel., Scot., n.Cy., Nhb., Lakel., Cumb., Lanc., yamps Scot., n.Dmf., ramsey Nrf., Devon., ramsy Nrf., ramsies Nfr., Devon, ramson(s) Irel., Scot., England, ramsden I.Wight, rosems York., Stf., rommy, roms w.York., ram's horns Glouc. (from ram "rancid, strong-flavoured, offensive in smell or taste", stink-plant n.Linc., stink-pot York., devil-posy Shrop.
Allium vineale	crow-garlic Nhb., Hert., crow-onion War., se.Wor., wild onions War., Aaron's beard n.Wil.	Crow Garlic
Alnus glutinosa		Common Alder
alder Engl., aller s.Scot., n.Cy., Nhb., Durham, York., Lanc., Sussex, er Westm., ellar Cumb., oller Nhb., War., ollern Shrop., arl, orl Wor., Shrop., Hrf., Reading, Glouc., aul Hrf., harrul, orl-wood Glouc., arl-tree, arl-timber Hrf., oler Ches., owler w.York., Lanc., Ches., Derby, nw.Derby, n.Linc., Shrop., Hrf., owlder w.York., black-aller w.Som., waller, wallow, wallur Ches., Staff., Shrop. (waller has also been attributed to Salix alba), woller, wuller, wullow Shrop., hollard Som. (in Sussex hollard = dead branches of trees) (OHG erla), dog-tree n.Cy., w.York., ne.Lanc., whistle-wood n.Cy., Nhb. (see Salix), Irish mahogany Waterford
Alopecurus myosuroides		Black Grass
black-grass Bdf., e.Anglia, Sussex, I.Wight, black-squitch War., mouse-tails Wilt., land-grass Bdf., n.Som., bennet-weed Hert.
Alopecurus pratensis		Meadox Foxtail
fox-tail Staff., Suss., fox-tail grass Glouc., elbowwit-grass Lanark, bent Shrop. (collective for grasses), hunger-weed Ches. (attributed to "Alopecurus arvensis").
Aloysia triphylla	lemon-plant w.Som., Devon, Corn., lemon-tree s.Cy., I.Wight	Lemon Verbena
Althaea officinalis	marsh-mallice I.Wight, marsh-mallow York., Suff., white-mallow (-), wimote Shrop.	Marsh Mallow
Alyssum saxatile	gold-dust Devon	Golden Alyssum
Amaranthus caudatus	cat-tail Nrf., Devon,	Love-lies-bleeding
Amelanchier canadensis	solembury Glouc.	Snowy Mespilus
Ammophila arenaria		Marram-grass
marem, marrum, murram Nrf., marum Surrey, moran Irel., marram-grass (ON mar-ālmr, marhālmr, literally "sea-straw" - Wright; the leaves are washed ashore and form wide beds or mats of dried plants), mat-grass (see preceding explanation), star n.Cy., Lanc., star-thack Linc. "coarse grass on sandy soil used for thatching", sea-holm Corn., sea-reed (-), mat-grass Nrf., Hamp., sigh Linc., sea-bent Cumb., bent n.Cy., e.Anglia, bentle e.Anglia (collective names for grasses)
Anagallis arvensis		Scarlet Pimpernel
shepherd's calendar Devon, shepherd's clock Glouc., shepherd's watch Cumb., Nrf., n.Essex, shepherd's dial Midl., shepherd's sundial Suff., shepherd's warning Linc., shepherd's delight n.Linc., w.Som., shepherd's glass Not., Rutland, shepherd's weather-glass n.York., Not., Lanc., Linc., Nhp., Wilt., Devon, poor man's weather-glass Lanark, Cumb., Ches., Nhp., War., Huntingdon, ploughman's weatherglass Wilt., old-man Wilt., shepherd’s clock, shepherd-joy Buck., Dorset john-that-goes-to-bed-at-noon s.Ches., Nhp., sun-flower sw.Cumb., bird’s eye Oxf., Berw., Wilt., bird’s tongue Nrf., peeper w.York., tom-pimpernel York., pimpernel
Anagallis tenella		Bog Pimpernel
poor-man’s weather-glass Hamp., weatherglass Lakel., s.Buck., Wilt. (see A. arvensis)
Anaphalis margaritacea		Pearly Everlasting
moor-everlasting Nhb., ever-white Nhp., lady-never-fade Glouc., white-wort Hamp., white gowlan Nhb., cat's foot w.York., pearl cudweed (-), old-sow Nrf.
Anchusa officinalis	eyebright w.Som.	Alkanet
Andromeda polifolia	marsh-holymore Dorset, marsh rosemary (-), bog-bell w.York.	Bog Rosemary
Anemone nemorosa		Wood Anemone
wind-flower Twd., York., Ches., Not., Leic., Nhp., War., Glouc., s.Buck., Devon; also attributed to Pulsatilla vulgaris, formerly named Anemone vulgaris (A bookish translation of the scientific name Anemone believed to mean "flower of the wind". However, the Greek anemonè is a loan from Arabic Saqà'iq an-nu`màn a red flower, from nu`màn "blood". The explanation "flower that opens on the slightest wind" is wrong anemony (-), nemony Lanc., Linc., Rutland, Glouc., Som., Devon, nemmony Rutland, nemeny Devon, neminie Lanc., Glouc., emony, Linc., Som., Devon, enemy Linc., cuckoo Wilt., cuckoo-flower York., Ches., s.Buck., Wilt., cuckoo-spit Devon, w.Wor. (like the preceding appellation, these names probably refer to Pulsatilla vulgaris (formerly Anemone vulgaris), on account of its bell-like flowers; applied to Anemone nemorosa, these names fail to offer an explanation), drop-of-snow e.Sussex, moll-of-the-wood War., nedcullion N.Irel. (Gaelic Irel. nead cailleach), moon-flower Dor., soldier, white-soldiers s.Buck., bow-bells, underground Devon, snakes’ eye Dorset, snake-flower sw.Linc., Dorset (?), smell-foxes Hamp., smell-smock Hert. (this plant has no odour)
Anethum graveolens	dill n.Linc.  app. 3.5	Dill
Angelica sylvestris		Wild Angelica
smooth-kesh Cumb., ground-ash n.Cy., Nhb., ground-elder Ches. jack-jump-about Nhp., eggs-and-bacon Nhp., ghost-kex w.York., oat-skeiters Moray, water-kesh Cumb. (see Berula), fellon-grass Rxb. (see Imperatoria)
Anthemis arvensis, Anthemis cotula	margon, morgan Sussex., Hamp., I.Wight, margin I.Wight  app. 1.5.1; madder Hamp., Wil., Dorset, mader Dorset	Corn Chamomile, Stinking Chamomile
Anthemis cotula		Stinking Chamomile
maithen Wor., Shrop., Glouc., Sussex, Hamp., I.Wight, Dorset, meäden Dorset, mavin sussex, mathen Glouc., mathan Hamp., nathan War., mathern Hamp., Wilt., Dorset, mather War., Hrf., mathig Shrop., maythern, moythern Shrop., mauthern Wilt., mawthern I.Wight, may-tops Nhb. (attributed to Laminaria, a seaweed, along with may-weed), may-weed, may-wide Hert., Bdf., Hrf., Hamp., Sussex, Midl., Suff., Kent, Devon, maitheweed n.Cy., maythes ME, mayeðe OE. dog-daisy w.York., Shrop., Kent, Devon, dog-banner m.York., dog-binder n.York., dog-fennel Midl., War., dog-finkle York., n.Cy. (not "tinkle"), dogstinks Lakel., dog-stinkers w.York. horse-daisy Buck., balder(‘s) brae Nhb. (Norw. dial. baldrbraa, ON baldrs-bra, Swed. dial balders-bra, Dan. baldersbraa), poison-daisy Sussex
Anthoxanthum odoratum	pig-grass n.York., spikenard Wilt. app. 2.9.2	Sweet Vernal-grass
Anthriscus sylvestris		Cow Parsley
devil’s-meat, devil’s-metal Shetl., devil's oatmeal Surr., devil's parsley Ches., badman’s oatmeal Antrim, naughty-man's oatmeal, naughty-man's plaything War. (and other Umbelliferae, some being poisonous), dog-parsley Hert., sheep's parsley Nrf., Kent, hare-parsley Som., coney-parsley Suss., cow-parsley Glouc., Oxf., Berk., Cumb., Nrf., n.Essex., Hamp., cow-mumble Cumb., Nrf., Essex, cow-weed Essex (also other Umbelliferae, see Heracleum, Anthemis cotula), wild parsley e.Radnor, Linc., Buck. (here attributed to the Shepherd's Needle), rat's bane w.Som., rabbit's food Buck., rabbit's meat York., n.Linc., War., Sussex, w.Som., n.Devon, scab-flower Cumb., hech-how Scot., ha-ho Irel. (da-ho appears to be a misprint), hi-ho, hi-how N.Irel., Londonderry (cf. Scot. hech-how for the Hemlock Conium maculatum), ciss ne.Lanc., cisweed n.York., cicely York., Derby (French dial. sesseû, French séséli, Latin seselis, Greek séselis "castor-oil plant or an Umbelliferous plant"), white-weed e.York., sweet-ash Glouc., bun, bunnon n.York. (see see bun in Plant parts), hemlock York., Ches., sw.Linc., keddle-dock Ches., keeshion N.Irel., keglus Ches. (see kecks in Umbelliferae), may-weed Wor. (see Anthemis cotula)
Anthyllis vulneraria		Vetch (Kidney)
yellow crow's foot Buck., twin w.York., hens-and-chickens Wor., dog's paise Banff, lamb-toe War., Nhp., Rutland, craw-nebs Nhb., pincushion Wilt., lady's cushion, ladies' cushion Wilt., double-ladies' double-pincushion
Antirrhinum majus		Snapdragon
dragon Irel., Scot., Engl., draygon Scot., dragon's head Berw., dragon's mouth n.Linc., tiger's mouth Suff., Sussex, lion's jaw Kent, lion's mouth Sussex, bunny-mouth Kent, Surrey (see bun in Plant parts), calve's-snout Corn., dog('s) mouth Linc., w.York., Oxf., Devon, dog-snout Nrf., dog-barker Oxf., rabbit's flower Devon, rabbit's mouth Kent, rabbit Wilt., catch-fly n.Linc. (it is a somewhat sticky plant), mother's nightcap Nhb.
Aphanes arvensis		Parsley-piert
dew-cup Selkirk, elf-shot Gall., colickwort Hert., bowel-hive-grass Scot. (bowel-hive is a disease), fire-grass England (beneficial in erysipelas), parsley-breakstone Scot., Ork., War., Suff., lamb's foot Lanc., bear’s foot, ladies-mantle (?) (-)
Apium graveolens		Wild Celery
salary York., Lanc., Ches., Linc., Wor., Oxf., Buck., Som., sallary Lanc., sallery s.Lanc., sollery se.Wor., names related to salt; the Common Sorrel, a sour plant, is also called celery, salad; ache Engl. (French ache), mile Rxb., see Chenopodium album
Apium nodiflorum		Fool's Watercress
water case (for cress), pied water-cress Corn. swine's cress Ork., n.York., cow-cress Hamp., fool's cress*, brook-lime War. (see Veronica beccabunga), bilder Devon, fen-berry Corn. (erroneous attribution)
Aquilegia vulgaris		Common Columbine
nightcaps Wilt., granny's nightcap Glouc., granny-hoods w.York., granny’s-bonnet Dorset, fool's cap w.York., primrose-soldiers Wilt., Cain-and-Abel s.Wilt. (see Orchis), boots-and-shoes Corn., hens-and-chickens Nrf., lady's shoes e.Anglia, lady's slipper Corn., bachelor’s button Wilt., colourbine Linc., Nhp., curranbine Ches., cullavine n.Cy., Cumb., York., cullenby w.Cumb. (= columbine), snap-gragon Devon
Arabis alpina		Alpine Rockcress
may Som., march-and-may Nhp., bishop’s wig, white-rock, white mays Ches., snow-drift Devon, snow-on-the-mountain, snow-upon-the-mountain e.Linc., War., Hrf., Glouc., Sussex. Wilt., Som., snow-in-summer s.Not., Sussex, dusty-husband Ches., aunt hannah e.Anglia, lady's cushion, ladies' cushion Linc., alice Devon (Alyssum ?),
Arabis caucasica	snow-on-the-mountain War.	Garden Arabis
Arachis hypogaea	monkey-nut Lanc.	Peanut
Araucaria araucana	puzzle-monkey w.Som., monkey-tree w.Som.,	Monkey-puzzle
Arbutus unedo	cane-apple Irel.: Cork, caithne Gaelic: Killarney, strawberry-tree w.Som.	Strawberry Tree
Arctium lappa		Greater Burdock
cuckuts I.Wight, cucket, cuckit n.York. cuckle I.W., Dorset, Devon, Corn., cuckhold Corn., n.York., Cumb., Glouc., e.Anglia., Dorset, Som., Devon, cuckoo Dorset, cuckoldy-burrs Cumb., crockelty-bur Cumb., cuckoldy-burr-busses Som., Devon, Corn., cuckold-dock w.Som., nw.Devon., Corn., cuckle-dock Corn. (for dock see Water Lily), cuckold-buttons Som., Devon, cuckle-button Devon., cuckle-moors Dorset, cockle Wilt., Hamp., Dorset, cockly-burrs, cockelty-burrs Cumb., cockle-buttons Devon, Corn.  app. 2.3, bazzies Kent (the flower-heads), buddy-bud n.Cy., Nhb. (the burr), butter-dock Corn. (see Rumex obtusifolius), bur-docken Scot., n.York., burdock (-), hurr-burr Leic., Shrop., tuzzy-muzzy Glouc., n.Wilt. (also "ragged, dishevelled; from the appearance of its burrs), sticky buttons Devon, bachelor’s button Devon (the burrs) billy-button, beggar’s buttons Devon (the burrs), soldier('s) buttons Wilt., clots n. Cy. York. Ches., clouts Ches., cluts n. Cy., clot-bur Cumb., n.York. clod-bur Cumb., York., clite Glouc. (see Galium aparine), thistle Devon., flapper-bags Scot.
Arctium minus	cuckoo-buttons w.Som., n.Devon, guckoo-buttons w.Som. (see Arctium lappa)	Lesser Burdock
Arctostaphyllos uva-ursi		Bearberry
nashag Caith., gnashicks Banff (Gaelic Scotland cnaimhseag), brawlins n.Scot., rapperdandy Scot., n.Cy., Nhb., burren-myrtle Galway (so called from its abundance on the Burren mountains), cranberry Aberdeen (see Vaccinium oxycoccum),
Areca catechu	ragonet (areca nut) (-)	Betel Nut
Arenaria islandica ?	benner-gowan Scot.	mountain daisy
Aristolochia sipho	dutchman's pipe Glouc., pipe-vine (-).	Broad-leaved Birthwort
Armeria maritima		Sea Pink
sea-daisy Aberd., s.Scot., n.Cy., Sussex, Devon, Corn., sea-pink Ayr., s.Scot., n.Cy., Cumb., w.York., ne.Lanc., n.Ches., Staff., Devon, Corn., scawfell-pink Cumb., marsh-daisy Cumb. (?), french-pink, cliff-rose, rock-rose Devon, sweet-gabies Kent, edging Devon (plant suitable for edgings), pincushion Devon, Suff., lady's cushion, ladies' cushion Ches., Dorset, lady's pincushion Hamp., profolium Hamp., thrift Devon ?
Armoracia rusticana	reefort, reefart, rifart, ryfart Scot. (French raifort "pungent root"), red-cole, red coal, rae-coll Clydesdale	Horse Radish
Arrhenatherum elatior	haver-grass Cumb.	False Oat-grass
Arrhenatherum elatior subsp. bulbosum		False Oat-grass (tuberous subspecies)
button-grass, button-twitch, butter-twitch Cumb., swine-arnots Scot. (s. earth nut; has tuberous roots), swine's murricks Shetl., Ork. knot-couch Wilt., knot-grass Scot., e.Cy., Essex, Nhb., Wilt., Hert., Bdf. (here attributed to Agrostis stolonifera) from its tubers "looking... like a string of beads"; lobbin-grass Londonderry (the bulbous variety), onion-couch Glouc., w.Cy., onion-grass S.Buck., pearl, pearl-grass Antrim, Donegal, pirl-grass Scot. (the preceeding names on account of the small pearl-like tubers peculiar to this variety)
Artemisia abrotanum		Southernwood
lad's-love Scot., Aberdeen, Gall., n.Cy., Nhb., n.Cumb., York., Lanc., Ches., Midl., nw.Derby, Not., Linc., Rutland, Leic., Nhp., War., Wor., e.Anglia, Sussex, s.Hamp., Devon, Corn., boy’s love Ches., maid's love Nhp., old-man York., Lanc., Ches., Linc., Rutland, Nhp., War., Wor., Shrop., Oxf., London, Cumb., Nrf., Essex, Kent, Sussex, Hamp., Wilt., Devon, Corn., old-man's love Nhb., Berk., Suff., maiden's ruin Devon, maiden-delight Corn., mother-wood n.Linc., sitherwood Scot., Cumb., Irel., sidderwood Gall., sovereign-wood Essex, sloven-wood e.Anglia (for "southern wood"), apple-reengie Fife, apple-ringie, apple-ringy, apple-riennie Scot., overengie Aberd., "may prob. be a corr. of Ofr. averoine" Wright, citron-wood Scot.
Artemisia absinthium		Wormwood
wormod, wermod Nhb., wormuth, wormeth Devon, wermout Pemb., wormit n.Cy., Nhb., Devon, wormöd, wermöd OE (< worm wood, whence also Germ. Wermut; the plant was used in the preparation of a medicine as well as an alcoholic drink), old-woman Shrop. (corruption of wormod ?), gall-wood Scot.
Artemisia maritima	savin Sussex	Sea Wormwood
Artemisia vulgaris		Mugwort
muggert Irel, Scot., Cumb., muggart Banff, Aberd., sw.Scot., Gall., mugger Ayr., muggons, muggins Scot., mugweed Ches., mugwood Dur., Cumb., York., Shrop., mingwort n.Cy., mugwort Caith. bulwand Shetl. & Ork., bowlocks Wigtown, moofard Caith., fat-hen s.Buck., apple-pie Ches., green-ginger Linc., fellon-herb Corn., mother-wort e.York. (also A. absinthia), sailor's-tobacco Huntingdon.
Arum maculatum		Cuckoo Pint
jack-in-the-box, jack-in-box N.Irel., Berw., w.Som., jack-in-the-pulpit n.Linc., school-master e.Sussex., lamb-in-a-pulpit Devon, lamb-lakens, lamb-lakins n.Cy., Nhb., Nhp. parson-in-his-smock n.Linc., parson-in-the-pulpit York., Ches., w.Som. (also attributed to Aconitum napellus), parson-and-clerk Devon, priest's pilly Westm., priest's pintel Dur., Cumb., Derby, Linc., priesties Lanc. poison-berry n.York., Wilt., Devon, poison-maur Devon, poison-root Wilt., ox-berry w.Wor. (the fruit), adder-grass Nhb., adder’s meat, adder’s tongue Devon, Corn. (the bright red berries), snake's meat Devon, snake's victuals Glouc., Wilt., snake's flower sw.Cumb., Hamp., Dorset, snake's food Devon bloody-fingers Hamp., Berw., bloody man’s fingers Hrf., Radnor, Wor. (from its scarlet berries), bloody thumbs e.Wor., dead-man's fingers Surrey, Inverness, Wor., Nhb., Buck., w.Som., Shrop., Glouc., Kent, Sussex, Devon, deed-man's fingers, -thumb War., dead-man's hand Hamp., War., Glouc., Sussex, Nhb., dead-man's thumb Nhb., Sussex, de'il's foot, devil's foot Nhb., dead-man's bells Scot., Aberdeen, Nhb., dead-men's bellows n.Cy., bloody-bells n.York., ramson Cumb, ram's horns Sussex, ramp (see Allium ursinum), great dragon, small-dragon Sussex, long-purple War. cocky-baby I.Wight, parsonbilly-cock n.York., cuckoo-cock Essex, cuckoo-pint Sussex, e.Anglia., Nhp., Leic., cuckoo-flower Nhp., cuckoe-pint s.Berw., cuckoo-point w.York.  app. 2.3; bobbins n.Scot., bobby-joan Nhp., Corn., bobbin-and-joan Nhp., dog-bobbins Nhp., dog-cocks Wilt., dog's dibble n.Devon, dog's ears s.Pemb., dog's lugs Fife, dog's tassel, dog's tausle Som., dog-spear Som., hobble-gobbles Nhp., Kent, dog-fingers Wales, Som., dog-mint s.Pemb., lily-grass Sussex, lily Wilt., wild lily Devon, aron Scot., arrow-root Dorset (Lat. arum < Greek aron). (Some of the preceeding names have been attributed to species of orchids or other flowers). drake's feet n.Linc., crake-feet n&e.York., trape-feet n.Linc. craw-feet York., crow-foot Lanc., Dur., Cumb., York., craw-taes Cumb., crowdy-kates Devon. wake-robin Scot., Rxb., Ches., War., Dorset, War., Berk., Sussex, Corn. (also attributed to Silene latifolia and to an orchid Dactylorhiza maculata).
Asparagus officinalis (cultivated)		Asparagus (cultivated)
sparrygrass, sparrow-grass Scot., grass War., Wor., Nrf., Sussex, London sparragrass e.York., se.Wor., sparrergrass Berk., sperage Glouc. (corruptions of asparagus)
Asperula cynanchica	shepherd's bedstraw Glouc., quinancy-wort	Squinancywort
Asplenium ruta-muraria	rue-  Devon	Wall Rue
Aster tripolium		Sea Aster
michaelmas-daisy Ches., Devon, farewell-daisy, farewell-summer Wilt., summer('s) farewell Som., Dorset (a late bloomer), musk-button Glouc., hog's beans Essex
Astragalus glycyphyllos	wild liquorice Lanark	Wild Liquorice
Athyrium filix-femina	lady-bracken Rxb., Dmf.	Lady Fern
Atriplex hortensis	golden-herb n.Cy., butter-leaves Glouc., mercury Linc. ( prob. Mercurialis), orache (French arroche)	Orache
Atriplex patula	fat-hen Dur., Nhb., w.York., e.Anglia (see Chenopodium album), orach (French arroche)	Common Orache
Atriplex prostrata	hard-head Leic. (see Centaurea nigra)	Spear-leaved Orache
Atropa belladonna		Deadly Nightshade
dwale Scot., York., Devon, dwal, dwale-bluth, dwale-flower Devon (to dwall, dwale = to wander in mind), deadly-dwale, wolf's bane, drowsy mandragora, dreamy mandragora Frf., satan-cherries n.York., naughty-man's cherry Buck., mekilwort Scot. (prob. me-kill-), dog-berry Dur., jacob's ladder Ayr.
Aubretia deltoides	sheerwort Dorset	Aubretia
Aucuba japonica	sparked-laurel Som. (sparked = variegated)	Spotted Laurel
Avena fatua	wild corn Scot., Rxb., flaver Scot.: Dmf., kentish-longtails Kent, poor oats Som.	Wild Oat
Avena sativa subsp. sativa		Cultivated Oat
awt Lanc., aet, ate Shetl., ait Scot., Berw., Nhb., Cumb., n.York., eet m.York., yait Cumb., m.York., yeat Nhb., Cumb., yet Nhb., Dur., e.Anglia, Devon, yett Nhb., yit Scot., oath Wxf., owet Devon, uet m.York., w.York., Rutland, wet, whet Devon, wet-corn n.York., wat York., whoat York., Lanc., Ches., Staff., Derby, whooat w.York., whot n&w.York., s.Lanc., n.Linc., woat Cumb. Ches., sw.Linc., Dorset, Som., wot Lakel., Cumb., York., nw.Linc, Hamp., wōt, wuet m.York., wud Lanc., Ches., wut w.York., e.Lanc., Ches., Derby, n.Linc., Rutland, War., Shrop., Glouc., Berk., Hert., Cumb., Kent, Sussex, Hamp., whut Lanc., Surrey, Sussex, wuth I.Wight, Wilt., w.Som., Devon app. 2.10 haver Scot., Nhb., Dur., Cumb., Westm., York., Lanc., Linc., havre Cumb., havver Cumb., Westm., York., Linc., aver w.York., hauver Scot., haber, hauber n.Cy. (Dutch haver, Norw. dial. havre, Swed. hafre, e.Fries hafer, Germ. hafer "oat"). corn Scot., N.Irel., York., nw.Derby, Nhp., Hunt., flop-oats nw.Devon, cow-flop, Devon side-aways n.York., way-corn York. "when growing along roads", reed-oat Ches., horse-tail oats Bdf. (a variety). graan w.York., graain Berk., I.Wight, grain Scot., England, grin N.Irel. (husks of oat) (Germ. granne), skeg Nor., Corn. "bearded oats" (ON skegg "beard"), pellas, pelles, pillas, pillis, pillus, pilez Corn. (Avena sativa subsp. orientalis)
Ballota nigra		Black Horehound
wirral, worral, wurral Wilt., dunny-leaf nettle s.Buck., double-dumb-nettle Wilt., stinking-roger Shrop., horehound (-)
Barbarea vulgaris		Common Wintercress
yellow-weed s.Scot., n.Cy., yellow-rocket War., Lanark, yellow july-flower Lanark, yellow cress w.York., land-cress York., War., Midl., s.Cy., I.Wight
Bellis perennis		Daisy
daisy Scot., Irel., Ches., Linc., Devon, app. 1.8 (not "eye of the day", 'from its opening and closing its flower with the daylight' (not factual), gracy-daisy Devon, dog-daisy n.Cy., Cumb., York., Lanc., n.Linc., march-daisy, shepherd's daisy, silver-pennies Nhp., bairnwort York., bennert Durham, banwood, bessy-banwood e.York., banewort, banwort, banwood, benwort Nhb., Cumb. York., banward s.Durham, hens-and-chickens w.York., Ches., Nhp., War., Shrop., Oxf., Surrey, w.Som., Devon, clocker an' bords Nhb. ("hen and chicks), mother-of-a-thousand Nhp. (it flecks lawns and meadows in large quantities), cockiloorie, cockaloorie Shetlands, cat-posy Cumb., curl-doddy sw.Scot., button w.York., se.Linc. bachelor’s button Linc., Shrop., billy-button Shrop., sweep n.York., dicky-dairy Ches. "A children's name for almost any flower", nails Wilt., bruisewort England, baiyan-flower ne.Lanc., gowan Scot., Nhb., Cmb., Dur., gowan-head Dmf., gowan-tap Lanark (the head of a daisy), gowlan(d) n.Cy. Caith, Nhb., Devon, Mary-gowland Wooler; gowan, gowlan etc. meaning "yellow" are names given to several species of yellow flowers and are prob. misapplied to the daisy, a white flower.
Berberis vulgaris		Barberry
pipperidge n.Cy., Cumb., Linc., Hert., e.Anglia., s.Cy., Hamp., Suff., Essex, pepperidge Hert., Suff., piperidge Cumb., piprick Linc. (from its sour berries), wood-sore Oxf. ("sour"), red-pip Hamp., maiden-barberry War., guild(-tree) Selk.
Bertholletia excelsa	shoe-nut Devon (from its shape)	Brazil Nut
Berula erecta	water-kex w.York., water-parsley Kent	Lesser Water-parsnip
Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima	wild spinach Irel., I.Wight	Sea Beet
Beta vulgaris var. flavescens	butter-leaves Shrop.	Chard, Sicilian Beet
Beta vulgaris var. rapacea		Mangel
mangle York., Not., Linc., Suff., mangel-wurzel, mangold-wurzel England (Germ. mangold "beer", wurzel "root"), root-of-scarcity Bdf.
Betula pendula		Silver Birch
birk Scot., Nhb., Dur., Cumb., Westm., York., Lanc., Derby, Not., Linc., burk Cumb., York. brick Nhb., birken Scot., Nhb. (Dan. birk, Norw. bjerk, Sw. björk), bedwen Westm., Corn. (Welsh bedwen, Breton bezven), paper-beech Wilt.
Blackstonia perfoliata	yellow-centaury w.York., yellow-sanctuary Ches.	Yellow-wort
Blechnum spicant	herring-bone fern Cumb.	Hard Fern
Bolboschoenus maritimus	spurt-grass Kent.	Sea Club-rush
Borago officinalis		Borage
star-flower, bee-bread, bee-plant Devon, flavour-plant War., cool-tankard Nhp. (used in a beverage called cool-tankard)
Botrychium lunaria	moon-wort Banff app. 2.11; shoe-the-horse Cumb., unshoe-the-horse Cumb.	Moonwort
Brachypodium sylvaticum	anghill-grass Midlands (anthill?)	False Brome
Brassica napus	smooth-cadlock n.Cy., Midl., shirt Scot., winter rape	Rape
Brassica napus subsp. rapifera var. napobrassica	swaddie Caith. ("Swedish"), Swede turnip (-), baga-root Corn., baggie Scot., Nhb., rutabaga English (Swedish dial. rotabagge), rooty-baker Corn. (for rutabaga), yellow Not.	Swede, Rutabaga
Brassica napus var. oleifera	yellow-weed Ches., yellow-flower Ches. cole(wort) n.Linc., Hert. (see Kale)	Oil Seed Rape
Brassica nigra	carlock Glouc., Essex (see Sinapis arvensis)	Black Mustard
Brassica oleracea	wild cole Nhb., wild kale Nhb., cave n.Cy.	Wild Cabbage
Brassica oleracea var. acephala		Kale, Curled Kale
kole Shetl., Ork., colewort (-), kale Irel., Scot., Nhb., Dur., Cumb., Westm., York., Lanc., Ches., Derby, Glouc., kail Scot., N.Irel., n.Cy., Nhb., Dur., Lakel., Cumb., Westm., York., Ches., Bdf., kayle Wexf., cael ne.York., cail m.York., keal Scot. n.Cy., Cumb., Westm., York., ne.Lanc., Derby, Glouc., keale Cumb., e.York, keall Cumb., keayle Westm., keeal n&e.York., keel n.Cy., kel Ches., kele, kyel, kyell Nhb., kial Scot., n.York. "cabbage, green of all kinds", kale-runt Scot., Banff, Ayr., Edinb., Gall., N.Irel. (the stem). curly-greens Cumb., crilly-greens nw.Devon (curly); curdly-greens w.Som., wintergreen w.Som., early-hearts Down (mature, early cabbages), curly-kale, curly-kail Scot., curly-plant e.Fife
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis	curlyflower n.Linc., curly Scot., Perth, N.Irel., Antrim, curl-doddy Scot. (see Pinus sylvestris)	Cauliflower
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis forma asparagoides	brockilow War., Wor., Cumb., Corn., broccolow Corn.	Broccoli
Brassica oleracea var. capitata		Cabbage
cole n.Cy., York., Derby, Pemb., Linc., Hert., s.Cy., Sussex, Som., Devon, Corn., coul Som., caul nw.Devon, Corn., cowl Pemb., bowkail, boll-kail Scot.: Perth, popple Cumb. (the seed; popple = also pebble, cobble), callards I. Wight, Hamp. (leaves and shoots)
Brassica oleracea var. capitata	red-cail Scot. (the red variety)	Red Cabbage
Brassica oleracea var. caulorapa	green-kail Scot.	Kohlrabi
Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera	feather-legs Nhp., nob Suff., Devon,	Brussel sprouts
Brassica rapa subsp. campestris var. rapifera		Turnip
turnip Scot., Nhb., Lakel., Midl., Derby, Linc. Oxf., Buck., Suff., Wilt., Devon, carlock England widespread, York., Berw., Nhp., Suff., Essex, carlic Bedf., careluck Glouc., charlock Sussex, churlick Hamp., kerlack Not., Nhp., kerlick Berw., Oxf. (see Sinapis arvensis), naphew Shrop. (French naveau, modern navet), stark n.Cy. (a variety of turnip), knoll Kent, dowball Linc., purple-top
Briza media		Common Quaking-grass
doddle-grass Sussex, Wilt., Devon, didder-grass Lanc., diddery-docks Dur., dawther-grass Kent (dodder), dothering-dick n.Cy., Nhb., Dur., dothering-dickies n.Cy., Nhb., Cumb., York., dothering-dillies Dur. app. 3.5; dothering-docks n.York., dothering-ducks e.Dur., dothering-grass Lakel., Cumb., Westm., York., n.Lanc., dothering jockies York., dothering-nancy Cumb. totter-bobs sw.Lanc., tottering-grass w.York., totty-grass se.Lanc.  app. 3.1 trembling-grass York., s.Lanc., Ches., Suff., tremblin-grass, ladies' hair Nhb., thrimlin-jockies e.York. (trembling), swaggering-grass Sussex, wiggle-waggle Sussex, wigwag-wanton Buck., wigwagon, wagtails Wilt., whackering-grass w.York.  app. 3.6  quake-grass Sussex, quaker Lanc., quaker-grass York., ne.Lanc., Ches., Nhp., Wor., Berk., w.Som., cow-quakers, cow-quake Ches., Derby, Shrop., Nhp., w.York., earth-quakes Nhp., quakan-grass Nhb.  shiver-grass Berk., Hamp., shivery-shakeries Wilt., shaker Ches., n.Linc., Shrop., Wilt., shaking-grass Shrop., s.Buck., Devon, shaky-grass Buck, Devon (attributed to Populus tremula), hay-shakers Ches., silver-shakers Rxb., Dmf., Gall., silver-shakle Gall., lady-shake w.York., lady's hair, ladies' hair Nhb., Linc., e.Anglia, maid('s)-hair Nrf., I.Wight, fairy-grass Limerick, nodding-Isabel Lanc., silver-ginglers Rxb., shimmy Wilt., Somer. (attributed to Calystegia sepium), suisilk Not.  app. 3.2; woman's tongue Berk.
Bromus hordaceus		Soft Brome
lob-grass Hamp., w.Som., lop-grass Glouc., Hamp. (from the hanging spike; lob = to droop, especially of leaves), haver-grass Cumb., duck-havver Cumb. (Germ. hafer "oat"), erwuts Dorset (for "oats"), bashaw-grass Buck., goose-grass Nhb., goose-corn Cumb., cock-grass Cumb., cock-head e. Anglia, Nfr., n. Suss., cock-and-hens Waterford, Nhb., Devon bull-grass Roxb., Nhb., blubber-grass e.Anglia, bob-grass Wilt., Dorset, mouse-ear grass w.York., okrabung Shetl., Ork.,
Bromus secalinus		Rye Brome
droke York., drook Ches., drauk Nrf., drawk York., Ches., Nrf. (see Lolium temulentum), cheat Linc., chess(grass), cheese-seed weed Hert., goose-corn Scot.
Bryonia dioica		White Bryony
hedge-grape Wor., jack-in-the-edge Hamp. (hedge), Canterbury-jack Kent, elphamy n.Cy., wild vine Ches., War., Hamp., wild hop York., hop Glouc. (by confusion), wild cucumber War., poisoning-berries w.York., snake-berry Suff., tetter-berry Hamp., perhaps because of the red pimple-like (tetter) berries, ache Corn. (ache-mor bryony root), cow's lick Nrf., murrain, murrain-berries Nrf., murrain-root Hamp. (the root).
Buddleia globosa	honey-ball	Orange Ball Tree
Bunium bulbocastanum		Great Pignut
earthnut Irel., Scot., England, aerthnut Som., arnot n.Irel., Scot., Clyde, arnut Scot., Roxb., Ayr., n.Cy. Nhb., Westm., w.York., arrnut N.Irel., Antrim, Down, Donegal, aunut n.York., awnut n.Cy., earnit Ayr., ernit sw.Scot., ernut Toxb., Dmf., yarnut n.Cy., w.York., n.Linc., Ches., n.Linc., yannut, yennet, e.York., yennut n.York., yernut York., Ches., yethnut Ches., yownut, yonut Westm., yearthnuts s.Lanc., yarnut Scot., Nhb., Lanc., Linc., hornic Scot., yowe-yonut, yowe-yornut, yower, ewer Cumb., gernut n.Cy., York., hare-nut Wxf., w.York., e.Lanc., Dorset, vare-nut, fare-nut, fern-nut Corn., gernut n.Cy., York., gennet York., jurnut n.Cy., Ches., Nhp., job-jurnal, jock-jurnals, jacky-jurnal Cumb. (French gernotte, jarnotte < Norw. dial. jordnot, literally "earth nut"), ground-nut Hert., Som., pig-nut Scot., Ayr., n.Cy., Westm., York., Lanc., Ches., Derby, Not., Linc., Nhp., War., Shrop., Huntingdon, Midl., Suss., Suff., Essex., Wilt., Som., peg-nut Midl., pig's nut w.Som., underground-nut nw.Devon. bad man’s bread York., devil's oatmeal, devil's bread York., swine-bread Inverness, cat-nut York., gourlock Gall., gourlins Scot., curluns Gall., hornecks Scot., lousy-arnut Aberdeen, Perth, lucy-arnut Fife, scabb-hands, scabbly-hands Cumb., killas, killimore, kelly Corn. (see Umbelliferae), Cain-and-Abel w.Durham (?)
Caesalpinia bonducella	molluka Scot., crospunk Scot. "drifted to the shores of the western islands", Virgin-Mary's nut w.Scot.,	Molucca Bean
Calamintha nepeta	cat-mint York., dog-mint s.Pemb.	Lesser Calamint
Calendula officinalis		Marigold
lady's purses Ches., Shrop., mally-gowl n.York., gool e.Suff., gollan(d) Nhb., m.York., lady-gold Derby (gowl, gollan = goul, gold, yellow  app. 1.2.1), rud I.Wight (ruddy),
Calluna vulgaris		Heather
besom Devon, Corn., basom, bisom bizzom, busom, basam Devon, red-heath Hamp., bent Ches., broom n. York. (see Bramble), moor York., griglan, greglan, grigles, grigling Corn., small-heath Hamp.
Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea		Heather, Bell Heather
ling Irel., Scot., and all counties down to Shrop. and e.Anglia; also given to other species found in heathland, such as Empetrum, Carex, Nardus, Schoenus and others; appears to be a collective name, somewhat synonym of "heath"
Caltha palustris		Marsh Marigold
bull-buttercup Essex, bull-flower Devon, bull's eye Dorset, Som., bull-dogs Devon, butter-blob, butter-bleb York., yellow-blob Leic., moll-blob Nhp., Wor., molly-blob Nhp, may-blob w.York., Rutland, Leic., Nhp., War., Wilt., water-blobs w.York., n.Devon, Not., Leic., Rutland, Nmp., War., Oxf., water-bleb sw.Linc., Nhp., Wilt., Dorset, water-blubber Glouc. may-blub, may-bubble Wilt., bublicans York., publican York., Oxf. (bleb = blister, bubble), may-flower N.Irel., Londonderry, Donegal, sw.Cumb., Ches., Linc., w.Wor., Shrop., Nhp., War., Glouc., mere-blob Derby, mire-blob Nhp., mare-blob Derby (OE mere "pond", French mare id.), horse-blob s.Not., Leic., Nhp., Wor., Surrey, horse-buttercup w.Som. (by folk etymology, after mare-blob after "mare" understood as female horse instead of "mire"), great buttercup s.Buck., king-cup Irel., Lanark, Fife, Perth, Hamp., sw.Cumb., York., Nhp., Buck., Nrf., Nhb., War., e.Anglia, Kent, Dorset, Essex, Sussex, Som., Devon, king, king's cob Cumb., Nrf., Berk., Hert., Suff., water-goggles Oxf., marsh-mallow n.York., Devon, buttercup Devon, butter-flower Wilt., water-buttercup York., Oxf., Surr., Devon, johnny-cranes Nhp., john-georges Buck.  app. 1.2.1 gowan Nhb., Cumb., gollan, golland Caith., Nhb., yellow-gollan Scot., n.Cy., Nhb., sw.Cumb., water-golland, water-gowland s.Scot., n.Cy., Nhb., York., water-gowan Cumb., open-gowan Cumb.  app. 1.2. crow-cranes Oxf., Nhp., crow-flower Som., marigold n.York  app. 1.4, fire-o'gold n.Buck., wild-fire Kirc., golden-cup w.Som., gilty-cup Wilt., Dorset, Som., gilt-cup Hamp. (see Ranunculus spp.), halcup Hamp., carr-guld Lanc. (attributed to Chrysanthemum segetum; carr = pond), paddock-flower n.Scot. (paddock = frog), meadow-bout Lanc., Ches., Shrop., meadow-bright Nhp., boots Ches., Shrop., yellow-boots Ches., chirms Nhb., crazy s.Lanc., Glouc., Berw., crazy-bet, crazy-betty Wilt, crazy-betsey Little Langford, crazy s.Lanc., Glouc., Berw., crazy-bet, yellow-crazies Wilt. (see Ranunculus)
Calystegia sepium (see also Convolvulus arvensis)		Larger Bindweed
withyvine Berk., Devon, withywine Glouc. Wilt., withwine Glouc. Wilt., withywind Glouc., Oxf., Berk., Hamp., Wilt., Dorset, w.Dorset (here attributed wrongly to Anagallis arvensis), Som., Devon, withywing Devon, wythywind Devon, Hamp., witheywind Som., withyweed Devon, widtherwine Glouc. Oxf. Wilt., withwind Glouc., Hamp., Wilt., Dorset (all from "vine"; withen = twisted, see also Salix) wood-bind Suss., great bindweed Ches., lily-bind w.York., sheep-bine Essex, bithy-wine Dorset (for “vine”), devil’s garters Wxf., Pemb., devil’s gut Nrf. ne.Linc., knutsford-devil Ches., creeper Not., jack-run-in-the-country York., robin-run-a-hedge s.Lanc., Ches., Hamp., ground-ivy Devon, seven-year’s love Corn., nightcaps Linc., Wilt., granny's nightcap Wilt., old-man's nightcap Sussex, grandmother's nightcap Sussex, lady's nightcap Hamp., Wilt., lady's smock e.York., Nhp., War., Sussex., Devon, Corn., hedge-bells I.Wight, Cumb., bellvine (-), white-smock Devon, white lily sw.Cumb., harvest-lily Surrey, lily Wilt., Hamp., I.Wight (attributed to Fallopia convolvulus), lily-flower Hamp.
Calystegia soldanella	scurvy-grass I.Wight,	Sea Bindweed
Camelina sativa	dutch-flax, cheat Nhp.	Gold-of-pleasure
Campanula persicifolia	peach-bell Devon,	Peach-leaved Bellflower
Campanula glomerata	dane's blood Cumb.(?), see Dwarf Elder, star Wilt.,	Clustered Bellflower
Campanula latifolia		Giant Bellflower
canterbury-bell Som., wild spinach w.York (the young shoots are boiled and eaten; this species ?)
Campanula medium	gowk's hose Sterling	Canterbury Bell
Campanula pyramidalis	steeple-bells Devon, perrymedoll Suff. (corruption of pyramidalis)	Chimney Bellflower
Campanula rotundifolia		Harebell
bluebell Ayr., Cumb., ne.York., Derby, s.Not., Hert., Dorset, Devon, blue-bottle Berw., blaver Scot., Twd., Nhb., blawort Scot., Bnff., blaewort Aberd., blue-blauers, blue-blavers Roxb. hare-bell ne.York., w.Ches., Gall., Berw., Rnf., Perth, Aberdeen, heath-bell Nhp., witch-bells Scot., Fife, old-man’s bell ne Scotland, school-bell Wilt., thimble n.Scot., Glouc., Wilt., thimels Lothian, gowk's thimles, gowk's thumbles ne.Scot., Banff, lady's thimble Nhb., e.Anglia, w.Som., children of Israel Wilt. (a small garden variety)
Campanula trachelium	haskwort (-), halswort (-) (Germ. halskraut - Wright 3: 77); Coventry-bells, Coventry-rape War.	Nettle-leaved Bellflower
Cannabis sativa		Hemp
hemp Scot., England, femble Linc., e.Anglia, s.Cy., Sussex, fimble n.Linc., Essex, Sussex (the female plant), seed-hemp, thistle-hemp n.Cy., Derby, Essex (the female plant), carl-hemp Scot., Cumb., Linc., e.Anglia, s.Cy., Suff., carle-hemp Scot., n.Cy., e.Anglia, s.Cy. (the male plant), spoots Cumb. (stalks used as candles), bunnel Cumb., w.York., Westm. (see bun in Plant parts), gallow-grass Suff., Som., neckweed n.Cy., n.York., e.Anglia, Saint Andre's lace, bastard brother's badge (Wright 2: 544)
Capsella bursa-pastoris		Shepherd's Purse
pick-purse n.Cy., pick-pocket Ches., Not., Nhp., Wor., Buck., Nrf., Essex, Kent, Sussex, Wilt. Som., Devon, pick-packet-to-London w.York., mother's heart Scot., s.Cy., Lanc., Glouc., Midl. (heart-shaped seed pods), pick-your-mother's heart-out War., shepherd's pedler Wilt., shepherd's pocket Buck., shepherd's pouch(es) Hert., I.Wight, rifle-the-ladies' pouches Banff, lady's purses Nhb., e.Anglia, poverty-purse n.Linc., pepper-and-salt Midl., case-weed n.Cy., toy-wort n.Engl., crow-pecks Wilt., ward-seed Devon blind-weed York., naughty-man's plaything War., stone-on-the-wall Linc., bad man('s) oatmeal Durham
Cardamine amara	land-cress Ches., whitsunday Devon	Large Bittercress
Cardamine hirsuta	land-cress w.Ches., War., Hamp., lamb-cress Devon (for " land"), touch-me-not Ches.	Hairy Bittercress
Cardamine pratensis		Lady's Smock
lady's smock Ork., Banff, Dmf., York., Lanc., Ches., Derby, Linc., Leic., Nhp., Nhb.,War., Wor., Shrop., Radnor, Glouc., Hert., Suff., Surrey, Sussex, Hamp., Wilt., Som., Devon, Corn., lady-flock Not., lady's glove Nhp., lady's milk-sile York., cuckoo Glouc., Devon "Every plant which has no other title was called a cuckoo", Buck., Essex; cuckoo-flower Ireland, Nhb., York., Ches., Linc., Leic., War., Glouc., Suff., Surrey., Hamp., Wilt., Dorset, w.Som., Kent, Devon, water-cuckoo Wilt.. guckoo-buttons Som., cuckoo-pint Wilt., e.Sussex., Leic., cuckoo-pintle Leic., e.Sussex., cuckoo-spit n.Cy. cuckoo's shoes-and-stocking s.Wales. meadow-flower Cumb., bog-flower n.York., pink, spink(s), bog-spink(s), Nhb., bird’s eye Cumb., York., Shrop., gillyflower, Whitsuntide gillyflower Glouc., Dur., lamb-lakens Cumb., carsons sw.Scot. (French cresson "cress"), meadow-kerses n.York., s.Pemb., laylock Wilt. (lilac-colour), lucy-locket Derby, may-flower Nhb., w.York., Lanc., Ches., Hamp., nightingale-flower Hamp., Essex, pick-folly Nhp., pig's eyes Essex, pigeon's eye n.York., smell-smock Nhp., War., Glouc., Oxf., Buck., Kent, Surrey, Sussex, smick-smock Glouc., Oxf., Hamp., head-wark Cumb., pincushion Nhb. (?), shoes-and-stockings Buck. (?), lady-smock York., apple-pie York., Canterbury bells Nrf. (?),
Carduus (acanthoides or tenuiflorus)	fish-belly Cumb. (whitish under-leaf)	Welted Thistle
Carduus nutans	Queen Anne's thrissel Berw.	Nodding Thistle
Carex divisa		Dived Sedge
hosk Pemb. (Welsh hesg "sedge"), bog-reed Irel.; iron-grass Ches. (attributed to Carex praecox)
Carex echinata	bruckles, brochars-and-stars Scot.	Star Sedge
Carex elata, C. paniculata		Tufted Sedge, Greater Tussock Sedge
hassock Engl., Scot., hassack Linc., Nhp., Pemb., hassick I.Wight, Buchan, Dorset, assock s.Not., hussick Shetl, hossock n.York., hussock Gall., York., ne.Lanc, Nhp., hazzick Berk., huzzick, huzzock s.Ches. > app. 2.7.8 tussock a tuft of coarse, a clump of sedge, hummock-grass w.York.
Carex hirta	goose-grass w.Som. (?)	Hairy Sedge
Carex, collective names		Sedges
shear-grass Scot., Nhb., w.York., Leic., Midl., War., share-grass Linc., share-tack n.Linc. "a kind of coarse grass; a kind of sedge", hard-grass Staff., sour-grass Ayr., Lanark, moor-palm(s,) moor-paums n.Cy., York., carnation-grass Glouc., w.Sussex, Shrop., Staff., w.Som., chate Nrf., pry Scot., Roxb., Dmfr., Nhb., Cumb., Not., Essex, prye Nhb., prie-grass Not., pink-grass Ches., pink-more Wilt. "a rough grass in water-meadows which cattle refuse to eat" (prob. a Carex sedge)
Carlina acaulis	ground-thistle War., Wor., pod-thistle Nhp. (?)	Stemless Carline Thistle
Carpinus betulus		Hornbeam
hurst-beech Nrf., Kent, Sussex (from its growth in hursts - Wright), horse-beech Kent, Suss., Hamp. (for hurst), harber(-tree) e.Anglia, Suff., harbur, arbour Sussex, hornbeam, hard-beam (-), white-beech Ches.
Carum carvi	caraway	Caraway
Castanea sativa	french-nut Devon, rough-nut Ches.,	Sweet Chestnut
Centaurea cyanus		Corn-flower
blaver, blaewort Nhb., blue-bottle York., n.Linc., Shrop., Oxf., Wilt., blue-buttons Staff., bluecap Hamp., Nhp., Kent, corn-binks Devon, corn-bottle, corn blue-bottle Nhp., hawdod York., witch-bells n Cy., bachelor’s button York., Derby
Centaurea montana, C. cyanus, C. nigra, Knautia arvensis	loggerhead Glouc., Oxf., n.Buck., Nhp., loggerums Wilt. (from their rounded heads; logger = rounded things)	Scabious, Star-thistle, collective names
Centaurea nigra		Common Knapweed
bund-weed Scot., e.Anglia, Nrf., bun-weed Suff. (see bun in Plant parts), clobweed Hert., cock-head n. Cy., Midl., hard-head Leic., Derby, n.Cy., Midl., Nhb., Cumb., w.York., ne.Lanc., Glouc., Ches., n.Linc., Wor., Shrop. (also attributed to Scabiosa, Lychnis, Ranunculus and other species), horse-hardhead Devon, horse-knobs, horse-knops n.Cy., Nhb., Cumb., York., Lanc., Nhp. (horse = hoarse) knob-weed e.York., Nhp., n.Hert., knapweed (-) (knap = knob  app. 2.2), knot-grass Hert., knot-weed Nhp. (also Centaurea cyanus, C. scabiosa), horse-snap Devon, horse-knot Angus, sw.Scot., n.Cy., Nhp., Kent  app. 2.6; button-weed Suss. (from its round, hard seedheads). bachelor’s button Irel., ladies' balls Wilt., lady's cushion, ladies' cushion Kent, hard-iron, hardine Staff., Ches., Lanc. w.Not., iron-weed Nhp., from its hard flowerhead; hurt-sickle Wor. (tough to cut), sweep Derby, War., shaving-brush Shrop., matfellon n.York. (OF mathfeloun, matefelon, French from Manche and Calvados departments marfoulon, madefenou, marfenou, marfran, morflon all appear to be borrowings from English), black-soap Devon, black knapweed (-), tarbottle Oxf., drumstick Nhp,. dromedary Wilt.
Centaurea scabiosa	hard-head Glouc., great horse-knobs York., bachelor’s button Glouc. (see Centaurea nigra).	Greater Knapweed
Centaurium erythraea	braddock e York., earth-gall w.Cy., bloodwort Shrop., gentian Suss., feverfew York., Ches. (see Tanacetum parthenium)	Common centaury
Centranthus ruber		Red Valerian
sweet-Mary Buck., sweet-betsy Kent, delicate-bess, bouncing-bess Devon, drunken-sailor Devon, drunken-willy w.Som., good-neighbours Wilt., w.Som., good-neighbours-hood Glouc., Oxf., Wilt., cat-bed n.Linc., American lilac Devon, German lilac, German laylock n. Linc., ground-laylocks n.Linc., roguery Som., fox's bush Antrim, matrimony e.Kent, red valerian (-), scarlet-lightning Huntingdon, kiss-me, kiss-me-quick Wilt., Devon (?), lady-needlewort, ladies' needlewort Wor. (?)
Cerastium fontanum	mouse-ear Scot., Lanark, York., Shrop., Devon, chicken-weed s.Cumb. (confusion with Common Chickweed)	Common Mouse-ear
Cerastium latifolium	silver-moss War.,	Wide-leaved Mouse-ear
Cerastium tomentosum		Dusty Miller
snow-in-harvest Leic., Wilt., w.Som., snow-on-the-mountain Som., seven-years-in-a-maze Devon, seven-years-in-a-mist Nhp., dusty-miller dusty-milner Linc., dusty-husband Ches.,
Ceterach officinarum	rustyback Cumb.	Rustyback
Ceterach officinarum	brown-back Devon	Rustyback
Chaenorhinum minus	jack-in-the-edge, jack-by-the-edge Berk. (hedge)	Small Toadflax
Chaerophyllum temulum	cow-mumble Suff., cherril York. sheep's parsley Suff.	Rough Chervil
Chamaemelum nobile		Chamomile
camomine Scot., Lanc., Shrop., camoyine, camoine Scot., carmovine e.Lothian, camovine n.Scot., kamumein Shrop., margon, morgan Sussex, Hamp., I.Wight > app. 1.5.1
Chamaepericlymenum suecicum	honey-suckle n.York	Dwarf Cornel
Chamomilla recutita	devil's apple-riennie Stirling, wild camels Devon, maithen w.Wor., n.Wilt. (see Anthemis cotula)	Scented Mayweed
Chelidonium majus		Greater Celandine
kill-wart n.Devon, wart-flower Devon, wart-weed Suff., wart-wort Glouc., Wilt., Shrop., Cumb., n.York., Derby, Ches., Devon, wart-grass Cumb., York., Glouc., Nrf., Suff., n.Essex, War., Linc., Derby, wret-weed Nrf. ("wart"), wart-weed Cumb., e.York., War., Glouc., Cambridge, Nrf., Suff., Wilt., n.Essex (attributed to Euphorbia which also has a latex, and to Gnaphalium uliginosum), yellow-spit Hamp., devil's milk York., witches’ flower Som., saladine Cumb., York., Ches., salladin Cumb., sallender w.York. (French célidoine, from the scient. name Chelidonium, latinized form of Greek khelidon app., 1.2.2; iodine s.Linc. (its sap stains hands like iodine), kenning-herb Devon, Corn., rit-weed Nrf., jacob's ladder Shrop., saint-john's wort s.Devon (Prob. Hypericum)
Chenopodium album		Fat Hen
dirt-weed Linc., e.Angl., Nrf., Sussex, dirty-dick, dirty-jack Ches., dirty-john w.Ches. (grows on dung-hills or heaps of dirt), bacon-weed Dorset “because it denotes rich and fat land”, fat-hen N.Cy., Nhb., Nrf., Cumb., York., Ches., Not., Linc., Leic., Hamp. (here attributed to Chrysanthemum segetum), Nhp., Hrf., Bdf., e.Anglia, Suff., Surrey, Sussex, lamb-tongue, lamb's tongue Ches., Shrop., w.Som., lamb-suckling n.Cy., lamb's quarters Irel., n.Cy., I.Wight, mutton-chops Dorset (the young tops or shoots), also attributed to Galium aparine; john-o'neel, johnny-o'neel Shrop., goosefoot (transl. of Chenopodium), nightshade Kent (?)
Chenopodium album, Ch. bonus-henricus, Atriplex hortensis	midden-mylies n.Scot. (grows on middens or dunghills), miles Irel., Scot., Ayr., Lanark, Lothian, Rxb., Nhb., Cumb., mails Scot., meals, meols Cumb., milds N.Irel., meldweed Scot. (Norw. dial. melde, meldestock "Chenopodium album", Shetl. melda "weeds"	goosefoot, orache, collective names
Chenopodium bonus-henricus		Good King Henry
wild spinach Midl., Bdf. (attributed to Ch. album), Hamp., I.Wight, fat-hen n.York., Ches., Berk., Suff., Kent., Surrey (see Chenopodium album), mercury n.Cy., Cumb., Westm., e.York., mercury-dock Renfrew, marquery Linc., margery Linc., shoemaker's heel(s) Shrop., Radnor, cobbler's head, cobbler's head Flint, cobbler's heel Flint, good-king-Harry, -Henri Nhb., Cumb., good-neighbours-hood Wilt., Roman-plant n.Lanc., flowery-docken Nhb. (?)
Chrysanthemum segetum		Corn Marigold
gold Midl., Not., sw.Linc., Nhp., Bdf., s.Cy., Scot., goold Scot., gould Hert., goud Not., sw.Linc., goul Wor., Buck., Bdf., Sussex, gole e.Anglia, Suff., Essex, gool Scot., Cumb., Not., Linc., Nhp., Wor., Buck., Bdf., Hert., e.Anglia, Sussex, goel e.Anglia, Suff., Essex, gowle, gull Cumb. guild(e), guile, gule Scot., gueel Aberdeen, geal-gowan, gilgowan Irel., gill-gowan n.Irel., Ulster, gowlan(d), gollan, golland goulan, gollin n.Cy., Nhb., n.York, Lanc., yellow-gold s.Cumb., yellow-gollan Caith., yellow-moon(s) War., Wor., Dorset, yellow-oxeye n.York., sun-flower Nhp.  marigold Irel., York., Ches., Shrop., Kent, marygold n.York., w.Ches., Kent, field-marigold Shrop., merrigo Kent, Mary-gowlan Nhb., marigoldins Antrim, wild marigold Antrim, corn-marigold Cumb. (for ma  app. 1.4), golden-pride Perth. botham, bothem, bothan Corn., bozzom, yellow-bozzum I. Wight, bottan Hamp., billy-button York., botherum Ches., Dorset, botherem Dorset, budland Nrf., butter-daisy Dorset, yellow-bottle n.York., Kent, yellow bossle Berk., manelet Scot., thunder-daisy Som., Devon, measle-flower Wilt., tansy Glouc. (see Tanacetum vulgare) moon Nhp. (see Leucanthemum vulgare)  app. 2.11
Chrysanthemum sp.	winter daisy Devon "a small Chrysanthemum", winter-geranium Devon
Chrysocoma linosyris	may-gowlin Westm.	Goldilocks
Chrysoplenium oppositifolium	creeping-jenny Sussex	Alternate-leaved Golden Saxifrage
Cicer arietinum	caravanses, caravazas Kent (Spanish garbanzos)	Haricot bean
Cichorium intybus	bunks e.Anglia.	Chicory
Cicuta virosa		Cowbane
hemlock Scot., Nhb., Dur., York., Ches., Not., Linc., e.Anglia, homleck, homlick, whumlick Nhb., humleek Nhb., sw.Linc., humlick n.Cy., Nhb., humly Rxb., humlock Scot., Frf., Nhb., Dur., Cumb., York., s.Not., Linc., e.Anglia, humblock s.Not., humloch, hummlock Rxb., humluck n.York. [OE hymlic, hemlic, hymlict(e)]; prob. a collective name for Umbelliferae; in Lanark "by the common people nearly all the Umbellate plants are called hemlock" (in Wright), hever Hrf.
Circaea lutetiana	dragon's root Down (?)	Enchanter's Nightshade
Cirsium arvense		Creeping Thistle
distel, deistle s.Pemb., disle Pemb., Som., Devon, Corn., dissel, diesel Corn., dysel, disell, dickle Devon, dicel, dishel Devon, Corn., dashel(l) Som., Devon, dashle w.Som., nw.Devon, dassel, dastel, dazzle Devon, thistle Scot., England, thizzle I.Wight, sissel Sussex, teasel (-) (Germ. distel). pig-leaves n.Cy., York.  app. 2.9.1; hard-thistle e.Angl., corn-thistle Cumb., Antrim, creeping-thistle (on account of its rhizomes), cursed-thistle Staff., kuckles Irel. (its seedheads) > app. 2.3; wool Linc. (thistle down), plume-thistle (-), pixy Devon "down of thistles when floating in the air", dodger Shrop.
Cirsium eriophorum	friar's crown-thistle Glouc., pincushion War. (head of large thistle)	Woolly Thistle
Cirsium palustre	bog-thrissle Nhb., moss-thistle Gall., water-thistle Cumb., red-thistle York.	Marsh Thistle
Cirsium vulgare		Spear Thistle
bur-thistle Ayres., Cumb., York., nw.Derby, boar-thistle Ches., sw.Linc., Staff., Wor., Shrop., Berw., Hert., e.Anglia, Kent, Hamp., Som., boar-distle w.Som., bo-fissle Ches., bore-thistle Kent, bo-thistle Ches., bow-fistle Cumb., bull-thistle n.Irel., Dorset, w.Som., bell-thistle York., War., thistle-burr w.York. (thistle head), bird-thistle Wor. (for burr), thistle-top Dmf. (the downy head), horse-thristle Gall., quat-vessel Hamp. (also C. pratense), guckoo-buttons w.Som., cuckoo-buttons w.Som., n.Devon, cheese Dmf. (the receptacle)
Cistus ladanifer	day-flower n.Linc.	Crimson Spot Rockrose, Bog Cistus
Citrus aurantium	oranger Scot., origin Shetl.	orange
Cladium mariscus		Great Fen-sedge
cut-grass, cut-sedge, cut-throat w.York. (also attributed to Glyceria maxima and Eriophorum angustifolium; Cladium is the plant with sharp leaves ), sword-gras Ches., Linc. "a coarse sedge"
Clematis vitalba		Traveller's Joy
bithy-wine Wilt., Dorset, bellywind Hamp. (for “vine”), bethwine Glouc., Sussex, Hamp., bedwine Berk., Hamp., I.Wight, Wilt., Dorset, bedwind War., Glouc., Wilt. (to wind), by-the-wind Wilt., withywind, willow-wind, Glouc. (see Calystegia sepium), love, love-bind, bullbird, bethwin, bindwith (-), bull-bine Hert., Hamp. (see also Convolvulus), skipping-ropes Wilt. climbers Kent, devil’s guts Wilt., devil's cut Devon, hag-ropes Som., tuzzy-muzzy Glouc. (also "ragged, dishevelled; from the appearance of its inflorescence), lady’s bower Glouc., Virgin's bower Irel., War., beggar-bushes Bucks. grey-beard Wilt., Hamp., Devon, granfer’s-beard Wilt., old-man Devon, Sussex, dad's whiskers Wilt., old man’s woozard s.Buck., old man's beard Gall., Nhp., War., Glouc., Oxf., Buck., Hert., Huntingdon, Suff., Kent, Sussex, Wilt., Dorset, Som., Devon, Corn., old-man's woozard s.Buck., silver-bush Jersey, snow-in-summer Wilt., snow-in-harvest Nhp., maid('s)-hair Buck., honey-stick, honesty Lakeland, w.York. War., Wor., Hrf., Glouc., Oxf., Berk., Cumb., Nrf., n.Essex, maiden's honesty Wilt., hedge-feathers w.York., robinhood's feather, -fetter Cumb. traveller’s joy (so called because the traveller knows he is approaching a village when he sees the hedges covered with this plant). smoking-cane Hert., Devon, smoke cane Devon, smoke weed (-), tombacca Suss. "tobacco", boy’s-bacca Sussex. ("tobacco", so called because boys cut the small wood pieces to smoke), crocodile Kent (see Ilex)
Cnicus benedictus	Virgin-Mary's thistle Suff., Hamp. (see Milk Thistle)	Blessed Thistle, Thistle (Holy)
Cochlearia officinalis	scrooby-grass Scot., n.Cy., w.York, scurvy-grass, bad man('s) oatmeal Durham	Common Scurvy-grass
Cocos nucifera	monkey-nut e.Suff.	Coconut
Colchicum autumnale		Autumn Crocus
wild crocus Dorset, meadow-crocus York., michaelmas-crocus Wilt., kite-leg e.Kent, naked-boy Hrf., Nrf., Wilt., star-naked boys Nrf. (the flowering plant has no leaves), ramson n.York. (by confusion, see Allium ursinum).
Conium maculatum		Hemlock
bad man(‘s) oatmeal Nhb., Durham, York., dead-man's oatmeal Nhb., break-your-mothers’s-head Dorset, hech-how Scot. (N.Irel. ha-ho for Anthriscus sylvestris), bunk Nrf., Suff., koush Lanc., Linc. (see Umbelliferae)
Conopodium majus	kipper-nut Devon, gourlock Gall. (the root)	Pignut
Consolida regalis	lark-heels Nhp. (prob. a transl. of French pied-d'alouette), jacob's ladder Devon